Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2026, Austria's road diesel supply was 554 kt: 43% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (43%), Slovenia (7%) and Italy (7%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (32%), the United States (20%) and Libya (11%), and 10% cannot be traced.
Country
Kazakhstan176 kt (est. 32%)United States113 kt (est. 20%)Libya58 kt (est. 11%)Norway38 kt (est. 7%)Guyana23 kt (est. 4%)Azerbaijan21 kt (est. 4%)United Kingdom20 kt (est. 4%)Other crude origins47 kt (est. 8%)Slovenia: no refinery37 kt (7%)Austria: crude not from imports17 kt (3%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports3.2 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.2 kt (<1%)Austria (own refineries)236 kt (43%)Germany237 kt (43%)Slovenia37 kt (7%)Italy37 kt (7%)Czechia7.4 kt (1%)Slovakia0.7 kt (<1%)Franceless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Austria: road diesel supply554 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Kazakhstan176 kt (est. 32%)
- United States113 kt (est. 20%)
- Libya58 kt (est. 11%)
- Norway38 kt (est. 7%)
- Guyana23 kt (est. 4%)
- Azerbaijan21 kt (est. 4%)
- United Kingdom20 kt (est. 4%)
- Other crude origins47 kt (est. 8%)
- Slovenia: no refinery37 kt (7%)
- Austria: crude not from imports17 kt (3%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports3.2 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.2 kt (<1%)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | Austria: road diesel supply | 236,693 | 42.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria (own refineries) | Austria: road diesel supply | 235,620 | 42.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Slovenia | Austria: road diesel supply | 37,137 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria: road diesel supply | 36,541 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria: road diesel supply | 7,406 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria: road diesel supply | 743 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kazakhstan | Austria (own refineries) | 130,748 | 55.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 65,619 | 27.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria (own refineries) | 42,856 | 18.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 37,552 | 15.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Slovenia: no refinery | Slovenia | 37,137 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Norway | Germany | 36,309 | 15.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 27,813 | 11.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria (own refineries) | 25,233 | 10.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 25,088 | 10.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 20,017 | 8.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Austria: crude not from imports | Austria (own refineries) | 16,526 | 7.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Guyana | Germany | 14,680 | 6.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 9,509 | 4.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Italy | 9,012 | 24.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Austria (own refineries) | 8,684 | 3.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Italy | 8,041 | 22.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria (own refineries) | 7,212 | 3.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 6,578 | 18.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Italy | 4,400 | 12.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria (own refineries) | 4,361 | 1.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 4,331 | 11.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Italy | 2,898 | 7.9% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia | 2,381 | 32.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia | 1,941 | 26.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 1,588 | 21.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Italy | 965 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia | 853 | 11.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 624 | 83.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Czechia | 373 | 5.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 316 | 0.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Austria split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Czechia | 270 | 3.6% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Slovakia | 64 | 8.6% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Libya | Slovakia | 56 | 7.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | France | 6 | 26.4% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | France | 5 | 21.6% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | France | 5 | 19.4% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | France | 3 | 10.9% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | France | 2 | 7.9% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | France | 2 | 7.8% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | France | 1 | 4.8% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | France | 0 | 1.2% | EstimatedEstimate: France's road diesel to Austria split by France's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Austria’s supply of road diesel in 2026-07, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-07 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-05 to 2026-07.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Slovenia: no refinery (37,137 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- Austria: crude not from imports (16,526 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (3,170 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (170 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.