Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2026, Croatia's petrol supply was 93 kt: 73% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Slovenia (19%) and Hungary (7%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Libya (25%), Kazakhstan (13%) and Azerbaijan (8%), and 39% cannot be traced.
Country
Libya23 kt (est. 25%)Kazakhstan12 kt (est. 13%)Azerbaijan7.6 kt (est. 8%)Côte d’Ivoire5.8 kt (est. 6%)Russia4.2 kt (est. 5%)Guyana3.4 kt (est. 4%)Ukraine0.2 kt (est. <1%)Other crude origins0.2 kt (est. <1%)Slovenia: no refinery18 kt (19%)Croatia: crude not from imports16 kt (17%)Hungary: crude not from imports2.5 kt (3%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)Croatia (own refineries)68 kt (73%)Slovenia18 kt (19%)Hungary6.1 kt (7%)Slovakia1.3 kt (1%)Croatia: petrol supply93 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Croatia (own refineries)
- Slovenia
- Hungary
- Slovakia
- Libya23 kt (est. 25%)
- Kazakhstan12 kt (est. 13%)
- Azerbaijan7.6 kt (est. 8%)
- Côte d’Ivoire5.8 kt (est. 6%)
- Russia4.2 kt (est. 5%)
- Guyana3.4 kt (est. 4%)
- Ukraine0.2 kt (est. <1%)
- Other crude origins0.2 kt (est. <1%)
- Slovenia: no refinery18 kt (19%)
- Croatia: crude not from imports16 kt (17%)
- Hungary: crude not from imports2.5 kt (3%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Croatia (own refineries) | Croatia: petrol supply | 67,500 | 72.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Slovenia | Croatia: petrol supply | 17,700 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Croatia: petrol supply | 6,100 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Croatia: petrol supply | 1,300 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Libya | Croatia (own refineries) | 23,270 | 34.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Croatia's petrol to Croatia split by Croatia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Slovenia: no refinery | Slovenia | 17,700 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Croatia: crude not from imports | Croatia (own refineries) | 16,002 | 23.7% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Kazakhstan | Croatia (own refineries) | 11,531 | 17.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Croatia's petrol to Croatia split by Croatia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Croatia (own refineries) | 7,553 | 11.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Croatia's petrol to Croatia split by Croatia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Côte d’Ivoire | Croatia (own refineries) | 5,778 | 8.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Croatia's petrol to Croatia split by Croatia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Croatia (own refineries) | 3,366 | 5.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Croatia's petrol to Croatia split by Croatia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Hungary | 3,218 | 52.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Croatia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Hungary: crude not from imports | Hungary | 2,486 | 40.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 968 | 74.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Croatia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 268 | 4.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Croatia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 172 | 13.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Croatia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Ukraine | Hungary | 120 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Croatia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 96 | 7.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Ukraine | Slovakia | 47 | 3.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Croatia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Slovakia | 17 | 1.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Croatia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 7 | 0.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Croatia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Croatia’s supply of petrol in 2026-01, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Countries without a crude refinery can appear under "Last shipped from": the importing country's statistics record where the fuel arrived from. It was refined elsewhere and either sold on or passed through that country's terminals; the statistics do not say which, or where it was refined.
Month: 2026-01 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-11 to 2026-01.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Slovenia: no refinery (17,700 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- Croatia: crude not from imports (16,002 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Hungary: crude not from imports (2,486 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (96 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.