Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2026, Cyprus' petrol supply was 38 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Greece (41%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (10%), Iraq (7%) and the United States (7%), and 60% cannot be traced.
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Greece
- Other (1)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
Crude behind this petrol, an estimate (Jul 2026)
2.6 thousand tonnes
est. 7% of Cyprus's petrol supply
less than 0.1 kt reported2.6 kt estimated
Inferred · medium
Last shipped from
- Greece2.6 kt (est. 100%)
Source: Fuel Origin fuel-chain look-through (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), built on Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm and nrg_cb_oilm
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imports, origin not reported | Cyprus: petrol supply | 22,114 | 58.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Greece | Cyprus: petrol supply | 15,602 | 41.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origin not reported: crude unknown | Imports, origin not reported | 22,114 | 100.0% | UnknownThe statistics did not say which country these imports came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 3,613 | 23.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Greece | 2,670 | 17.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Greece | 2,557 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece | 2,149 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 2,059 | 13.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Greece | 921 | 5.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Greece: crude not from imports | Greece | 629 | 4.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 513 | 3.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Greece | 491 | 3.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Cyprus’s supply of petrol in 2026-07, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-07 (latest month that can be drawn, the month its country page shows). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-05 to 2026-07.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Origin not reported: crude unknown (22,114 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Greece: crude not from imports (629 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Imports, origin not reported (22,114 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.