Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2024, Cyprus' jet fuel supply was 30 kt, all of it imported, from Israel (94%) and Greece (6%); tracing one step back, no single crude origin reaches 5% of it, and 94% cannot be traced.
Country
Iraq0.6 kt (est. 2%)Kazakhstan0.5 kt (est. 2%)Libya0.3 kt (est. <1%)Norway0.1 kt (est. <1%)Saudi Arabia0.1 kt (est. <1%)Egyptless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)Nigerialess than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)Côte d’Ivoireless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)Israel: no crude data29 kt (94%)Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Israel29 kt (94%)Greece1.7 kt (6%)Cyprus: jet fuel supply30 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Iraq0.6 kt (est. 2%)
- Kazakhstan0.5 kt (est. 2%)
- Libya0.3 kt (est. <1%)
- Norway0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Saudi Arabia0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Egyptless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Nigerialess than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Côte d’Ivoireless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Israel: no crude data29 kt (94%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Israel | Cyprus: jet fuel supply | 28,596 | 94.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus: jet fuel supply | 1,739 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Israel: no crude data | Israel | 28,596 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Iraq | Greece | 624 | 35.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 466 | 26.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 285 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece | 118 | 6.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 115 | 6.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Egypt | Greece | 50 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Greece | 34 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Greece | 28 | 1.6% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Côte d’Ivoire | Greece | 19 | 1.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Cyprus’s supply of jet fuel in 2024-07, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-07 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-05 to 2024-07.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Israel: no crude data (28,596 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (28 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.