Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2024, Cyprus' road diesel supply was 28 kt, all of it imported, from Greece (64%) and Israel (36%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Iraq (22%), Kazakhstan (16%) and Libya (11%), and 39% cannot be traced.
Country
Iraq6.4 kt (est. 22%)Kazakhstan4.5 kt (est. 16%)Libya3.0 kt (est. 11%)Norway1.2 kt (est. 4%)Saudi Arabia1.2 kt (est. 4%)Egypt0.5 kt (est. 2%)Nigeria0.4 kt (est. 1%)Côte d’Ivoire0.2 kt (est. <1%)Israel: no crude data10 kt (36%)Greece: crude not from imports0.9 kt (3%)Greece18 kt (64%)Israel10 kt (36%)Cyprus: road diesel supply28 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greece | Cyprus: road diesel supply | 18,345 | 64.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Israel | Cyprus: road diesel supply | 10,118 | 35.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Israel: no crude data | Israel | 10,118 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Iraq | Greece | 6,393 | 34.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 4,478 | 24.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 3,001 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece | 1,237 | 6.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 1,223 | 6.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Greece: crude not from imports | Greece | 940 | 5.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Egypt | Greece | 517 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Greece | 360 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Côte d’Ivoire | Greece | 196 | 1.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Cyprus’s supply of road diesel in 2024-08, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-08 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-06 to 2024-08.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Israel: no crude data (10,118 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Greece: crude not from imports (940 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.