Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2026, Cyprus' petrol supply was 20 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Greece (60%) and Israel (10%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (15%), Iraq (10%) and the United States (9%), and 41% cannot be traced.
Country
Kazakhstan3.0 kt (est. 15%)Iraq2.0 kt (est. 10%)United States1.8 kt (est. 9%)Libya1.8 kt (est. 9%)Norway1.7 kt (est. 8%)Saudi Arabia0.7 kt (est. 3%)Egypt0.3 kt (est. 1%)Other crude origins0.7 kt (est. 3%)Origin not reported: crude unknown6.0 kt (30%)Israel: no crude data2.0 kt (10%)Greece: crude not from imports0.3 kt (1%)Greece12 kt (60%)Israel2.0 kt (10%)Imports, origin not reported6.0 kt (30%)Cyprus: petrol supply20 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Kazakhstan3.0 kt (est. 15%)
- Iraq2.0 kt (est. 10%)
- United States1.8 kt (est. 9%)
- Libya1.8 kt (est. 9%)
- Norway1.7 kt (est. 8%)
- Saudi Arabia0.7 kt (est. 3%)
- Egypt0.3 kt (est. 1%)
- Other crude origins0.7 kt (est. 3%)
- Origin not reported: crude unknown6.0 kt (30%)
- Israel: no crude data2.0 kt (10%)
- Greece: crude not from imports0.3 kt (1%)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greece | Cyprus: petrol supply | 12,141 | 60.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Imports, origin not reported | Cyprus: petrol supply | 6,016 | 29.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Israel | Cyprus: petrol supply | 2,033 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Origin not reported: crude unknown | Imports, origin not reported | 6,016 | 100.0% | UnknownThe statistics did not say which country these imports came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 3,037 | 25.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Greece | 2,045 | 16.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Israel: no crude data | Israel | 2,033 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| United States | Greece | 1,768 | 14.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 1,759 | 14.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece | 1,677 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 662 | 5.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Greece | 657 | 5.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Egypt | Greece | 281 | 2.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Cyprus split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Greece: crude not from imports | Greece | 257 | 2.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-06 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Cyprus’s supply of petrol in 2026-06, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-06 (latest month all EU member states reported). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-04 to 2026-06.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Origin not reported: crude unknown (6,016 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Israel: no crude data (2,033 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Greece: crude not from imports (257 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Imports, origin not reported (6,016 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.