Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2024, Czechia's road diesel supply was 548 kt: 47% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (44%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Azerbaijan (22%), the Russia (19%) and Kazakhstan (13%), and 6% cannot be traced.
Country
Azerbaijan119 kt (est. 22%)Russia106 kt (est. 19%)Kazakhstan73 kt (est. 13%)Norway63 kt (est. 11%)United States39 kt (est. 7%)Libya30 kt (est. 5%)United Kingdom20 kt (est. 4%)Other crude origins62 kt (est. 11%)Germany: crude origin not reported16 kt (3%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports11 kt (2%)Czechia: crude origin not reported7.1 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.1 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)257 kt (47%)Germany239 kt (44%)Slovakia25 kt (5%)Austria17 kt (3%)Poland10 kt (2%)Czechia: road diesel supply548 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Austria
- Poland
- Azerbaijan119 kt (est. 22%)
- Russia106 kt (est. 19%)
- Kazakhstan73 kt (est. 13%)
- Norway63 kt (est. 11%)
- United States39 kt (est. 7%)
- Libya30 kt (est. 5%)
- United Kingdom20 kt (est. 4%)
- Other crude origins62 kt (est. 11%)
- Germany: crude origin not reported16 kt (3%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports11 kt (2%)
- Czechia: crude origin not reported7.1 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
Crude behind this road diesel, an estimate (Jul 2024)
63.0 thousand tonnes
est. 11% of Czechia's road diesel supply
less than 0.1 kt reported63 kt estimated
Inferred · medium
Last shipped from
- Germany46 kt (est. 73%)
- Czechia (own refineries)13 kt (est. 20%)
- Poland3.4 kt (est. 5%)
and 1 more in the table above
Source: Fuel Origin fuel-chain look-through (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), built on Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm and nrg_cb_oilm
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: road diesel supply | 257,000 | 46.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: road diesel supply | 239,000 | 43.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: road diesel supply | 25,000 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: road diesel supply | 17,000 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: road diesel supply | 10,000 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 110,901 | 43.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Czechia (own refineries) | 90,914 | 35.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 50,568 | 21.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 46,261 | 19.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 38,820 | 16.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 35,552 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 28,978 | 12.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 27,257 | 11.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 19,928 | 8.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 16,393 | 6.9% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 15,198 | 60.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 12,558 | 4.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 8,336 | 49.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Czechia: crude origin not reported | Czechia (own refineries) | 7,075 | 2.8% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 6,067 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 5,040 | 20.2% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 4,805 | 48.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 4,499 | 1.9% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 3,634 | 21.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Poland | 3,406 | 34.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 3,308 | 13.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 2,879 | 16.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Slovakia | 1,454 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Austria | 774 | 4.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 697 | 4.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 612 | 6.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United Kingdom | Poland | 568 | 5.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 546 | 3.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 404 | 4.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Poland | 204 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-05 to 2024-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Austria | 133 | 0.8% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of road diesel in 2024-07, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-07 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-05 to 2024-07.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Germany: crude origin not reported (16,393 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (10,848 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Czechia: crude origin not reported (7,075 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (133 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.