Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2026, Czechia's road diesel supply was 478 kt: 51% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (36%) and Slovakia (9%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (22%), Azerbaijan (20%) and Kazakhstan (13%), and 4% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway104 kt (est. 22%)Azerbaijan95 kt (est. 20%)Kazakhstan65 kt (est. 13%)Saudi Arabia54 kt (est. 11%)Russia31 kt (est. 7%)Libya30 kt (est. 6%)United States27 kt (est. 6%)Other crude origins53 kt (est. 11%)Germany: crude origin not reported11 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports7.7 kt (2%)Czechia (own refineries)244 kt (51%)Germany172 kt (36%)Slovakia41 kt (9%)Austria18 kt (4%)Poland2.0 kt (<1%)Hungary1.0 kt (<1%)Czechia: road diesel supply478 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
Crude behind this road diesel, an estimate (Jan 2026)
26.6 thousand tonnes
est. 6% of Czechia's road diesel supply
less than 0.1 kt reported27 kt estimated
Inferred · medium
Last shipped from
- Germany26 kt (est. 99%)
- Austria0.3 kt (est. 1%)
- Poland0.1 kt (est. <1%)
Source: Fuel Origin fuel-chain look-through (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), built on Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm and nrg_cb_oilm
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: road diesel supply | 244,000 | 51.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: road diesel supply | 172,000 | 36.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: road diesel supply | 41,000 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: road diesel supply | 18,000 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: road diesel supply | 2,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Czechia: road diesel supply | 1,000 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 92,473 | 37.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 73,704 | 30.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Czechia (own refineries) | 48,411 | 19.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 45,160 | 26.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 30,528 | 74.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 29,810 | 17.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 29,413 | 12.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 27,130 | 15.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 26,677 | 15.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 26,206 | 15.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 11,309 | 6.6% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 7,923 | 44.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 4,364 | 24.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 3,529 | 8.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovakia | 3,377 | 8.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 3,036 | 7.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Libya | Austria | 2,985 | 16.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 2,613 | 1.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 2,369 | 1.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 1,488 | 8.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 949 | 5.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 885 | 44.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Poland | 709 | 35.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 662 | 0.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Slovakia | 529 | 1.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Hungary | 528 | 52.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Czechia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 408 | 40.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United States | Austria | 291 | 1.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 179 | 8.9% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 171 | 8.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 56 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 44 | 4.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Czechia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 21 | 2.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Czechia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-11 to 2026-01. Confidence: medium. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of road diesel in 2026-01, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-01 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-11 to 2026-01.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Germany: crude origin not reported (11,309 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (7,724 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.