Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, Czechia's jet fuel supply was 34 kt: 65% from its own refineries, with imports from Germany (29%) and Slovakia (6%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the Russia (34%), Azerbaijan (20%) and Kazakhstan (17%), and 6% cannot be traced.
Country
Russia11 kt (est. 34%)Azerbaijan6.9 kt (est. 20%)Kazakhstan5.8 kt (est. 17%)United States2.3 kt (est. 7%)Norway2.0 kt (est. 6%)Libya1.1 kt (est. 3%)United Kingdom0.6 kt (est. 2%)Other crude origins1.9 kt (est. 6%)Czechia: crude not from imports0.9 kt (3%)Germany: crude origin not reported0.6 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.3 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)22 kt (65%)Germany10 kt (29%)Slovakia2.0 kt (6%)Czechia: jet fuel supply34 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Russia11 kt (est. 34%)
- Azerbaijan6.9 kt (est. 20%)
- Kazakhstan5.8 kt (est. 17%)
- United States2.3 kt (est. 7%)
- Norway2.0 kt (est. 6%)
- Libya1.1 kt (est. 3%)
- United Kingdom0.6 kt (est. 2%)
- Other crude origins1.9 kt (est. 6%)
- Czechia: crude not from imports0.9 kt (3%)
- Germany: crude origin not reported0.6 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.3 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 22,000 | 64.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 10,000 | 29.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 2,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | Czechia (own refineries) | 9,579 | 43.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 6,678 | 30.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 4,796 | 21.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 2,301 | 23.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 2,038 | 20.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 1,904 | 19.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 1,840 | 92.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 1,064 | 10.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,041 | 10.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Czechia: crude not from imports | Czechia (own refineries) | 947 | 4.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 611 | 6.1% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 554 | 5.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 270 | 2.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 217 | 2.2% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 112 | 5.6% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 49 | 2.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of jet fuel in 2024-01, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-01 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2023-11 to 2024-01.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Czechia: crude not from imports (947 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Germany: crude origin not reported (611 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (328 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.