Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2024, Czechia's petrol supply was 144 kt: 57% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (24%), Slovakia (10%) and Austria (8%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the Russia (31%), Azerbaijan (25%) and Kazakhstan (18%), and 3% cannot be traced.
Country
Russia45 kt (est. 31%)Azerbaijan36 kt (est. 25%)Kazakhstan26 kt (est. 18%)Norway6.9 kt (est. 5%)United States6.7 kt (est. 5%)Libya4.2 kt (est. 3%)United Kingdom3.8 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins11 kt (est. 7%)Germany: crude origin not reported3.3 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.1 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.3 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)82 kt (57%)Germany34 kt (24%)Slovakia14 kt (10%)Austria12 kt (8%)Poland2.0 kt (1%)Czechia: petrol supply144 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Austria
- Poland
- Russia45 kt (est. 31%)
- Azerbaijan36 kt (est. 25%)
- Kazakhstan26 kt (est. 18%)
- Norway6.9 kt (est. 5%)
- United States6.7 kt (est. 5%)
- Libya4.2 kt (est. 3%)
- United Kingdom3.8 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins11 kt (est. 7%)
- Germany: crude origin not reported3.3 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.1 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.3 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: petrol supply | 82,000 | 56.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: petrol supply | 34,000 | 23.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: petrol supply | 14,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: petrol supply | 12,000 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: petrol supply | 2,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 34,526 | 42.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Czechia (own refineries) | 33,717 | 41.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 13,757 | 16.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 11,609 | 82.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 7,344 | 61.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 6,404 | 18.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 6,305 | 18.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 6,251 | 18.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 4,892 | 14.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 3,347 | 9.8% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 3,217 | 9.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 2,657 | 7.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 1,772 | 12.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 1,542 | 12.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 1,406 | 11.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 1,142 | 57.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 780 | 6.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Poland | 631 | 31.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 619 | 4.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 565 | 1.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 458 | 3.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 363 | 1.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Austria | 259 | 2.2% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| United States | Austria | 212 | 1.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 198 | 9.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Poland | 30 | 1.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of petrol in 2024-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-02 to 2024-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Germany: crude origin not reported (3,347 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (1,143 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (259 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.