Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2024, Czechia's jet fuel supply was 43 kt: 60% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (26%) and Slovakia (7%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Azerbaijan (27%), the Russia (23%) and Kazakhstan (13%), and 7% cannot be traced.
Country
Azerbaijan12 kt (est. 27%)Russia9.9 kt (est. 23%)Kazakhstan5.8 kt (est. 13%)Norway4.5 kt (est. 11%)United States1.7 kt (est. 4%)Libya1.5 kt (est. 3%)Saudi Arabia1.4 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins3.4 kt (est. 8%)Czechia: crude origin not reported1.0 kt (2%)Czechia: crude not from imports0.9 kt (2%)Germany: crude origin not reported0.7 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.6 kt (1%)Czechia (own refineries)26 kt (60%)Germany11 kt (26%)Slovakia3.0 kt (7%)Poland2.0 kt (5%)Austria1.0 kt (2%)Czechia: jet fuel supply43 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Poland
- Austria
- Azerbaijan12 kt (est. 27%)
- Russia9.9 kt (est. 23%)
- Kazakhstan5.8 kt (est. 13%)
- Norway4.5 kt (est. 11%)
- United States1.7 kt (est. 4%)
- Libya1.5 kt (est. 3%)
- Saudi Arabia1.4 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins3.4 kt (est. 8%)
- Czechia: crude origin not reported1.0 kt (2%)
- Czechia: crude not from imports0.9 kt (2%)
- Germany: crude origin not reported0.7 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.6 kt (1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 26,000 | 60.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 11,000 | 25.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 3,000 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 2,000 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 1,000 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 10,843 | 41.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Czechia (own refineries) | 7,528 | 29.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 3,992 | 15.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 3,120 | 28.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 2,387 | 79.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 2,057 | 18.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 1,742 | 6.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 1,647 | 15.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 1,326 | 12.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,244 | 11.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Czechia: crude origin not reported | Czechia (own refineries) | 981 | 3.8% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Czechia: crude not from imports | Czechia (own refineries) | 913 | 3.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 910 | 45.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 714 | 6.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Norway | Poland | 686 | 34.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 478 | 47.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 454 | 4.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 381 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 315 | 10.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Azerbaijan | Slovakia | 218 | 7.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 167 | 8.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Libya | Austria | 166 | 16.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 124 | 12.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 115 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 102 | 10.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 81 | 4.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 80 | 2.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 67 | 6.7% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 57 | 0.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Kazakhstan | Poland | 40 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Austria | 32 | 3.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 31 | 3.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-06 to 2024-08. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of jet fuel in 2024-08, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-08 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-06 to 2024-08.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Czechia: crude origin not reported (981 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Czechia: crude not from imports (913 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Germany: crude origin not reported (714 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (606 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.