Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2024, Czechia's road diesel supply was 473 kt: 49% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (38%) and Slovakia (8%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the Russia (24%), Azerbaijan (22%) and Kazakhstan (13%), and 6% cannot be traced.
Country
Russia114 kt (est. 24%)Azerbaijan102 kt (est. 22%)Kazakhstan64 kt (est. 13%)Norway50 kt (est. 10%)United States29 kt (est. 6%)Libya22 kt (est. 5%)United Kingdom16 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins52 kt (est. 11%)Germany: crude origin not reported11 kt (2%)Czechia: crude origin not reported8.0 kt (2%)Germany: crude not from imports5.3 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.9 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.7 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)230 kt (49%)Germany179 kt (38%)Slovakia39 kt (8%)Austria13 kt (3%)Poland12 kt (3%)Czechia: road diesel supply473 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Austria
- Poland
- Russia114 kt (est. 24%)
- Azerbaijan102 kt (est. 22%)
- Kazakhstan64 kt (est. 13%)
- Norway50 kt (est. 10%)
- United States29 kt (est. 6%)
- Libya22 kt (est. 5%)
- United Kingdom16 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins52 kt (est. 11%)
- Germany: crude origin not reported11 kt (2%)
- Czechia: crude origin not reported8.0 kt (2%)
- Germany: crude not from imports5.3 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.9 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.7 kt (<1%)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: road diesel supply | 230,000 | 48.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: road diesel supply | 179,000 | 37.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: road diesel supply | 39,000 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: road diesel supply | 13,000 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: road diesel supply | 12,000 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 93,852 | 40.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Czechia (own refineries) | 78,233 | 34.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 40,089 | 22.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 35,523 | 15.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 35,383 | 90.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 31,993 | 17.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 28,540 | 15.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 20,938 | 11.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 19,610 | 11.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 15,038 | 8.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 14,237 | 6.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 11,265 | 6.3% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Czechia: crude origin not reported | Czechia (own refineries) | 8,017 | 3.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 6,941 | 53.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 6,214 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 6,194 | 51.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude not from imports | Germany | 5,313 | 3.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Poland | 3,304 | 27.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 3,079 | 23.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 2,232 | 5.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 1,909 | 14.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Slovakia | 1,385 | 3.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 823 | 6.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Poland | 706 | 5.9% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 684 | 5.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United Kingdom | Poland | 671 | 5.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 325 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Poland | 246 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria | 61 | 0.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-07 to 2024-09. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 56 | 0.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-09 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Czechia’s supply of road diesel in 2024-09, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-09 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-07 to 2024-09.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Germany: crude origin not reported (11,265 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Czechia: crude origin not reported (8,017 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Germany: crude not from imports (5,313 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (879 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (706 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.