Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2025, Czechia's road diesel supply was 493 kt: 48% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (37%) and Slovakia (10%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Azerbaijan (19%), the Russia (19%) and Kazakhstan (15%), and 16% cannot be traced.
Country
Azerbaijan92 kt (est. 19%)Russia92 kt (est. 19%)Kazakhstan73 kt (est. 15%)Norway48 kt (est. 10%)United States28 kt (est. 6%)Libya25 kt (est. 5%)United Kingdom20 kt (est. 4%)Other crude origins34 kt (est. 7%)Czechia: crude not from imports51 kt (10%)Germany: crude origin not reported20 kt (4%)Germany: crude not from imports6.2 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports2.8 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported1.9 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)236 kt (48%)Germany183 kt (37%)Slovakia51 kt (10%)Austria23 kt (5%)Czechia: road diesel supply493 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Austria
- Azerbaijan92 kt (est. 19%)
- Russia92 kt (est. 19%)
- Kazakhstan73 kt (est. 15%)
- Norway48 kt (est. 10%)
- United States28 kt (est. 6%)
- Libya25 kt (est. 5%)
- United Kingdom20 kt (est. 4%)
- Other crude origins34 kt (est. 7%)
- Czechia: crude not from imports51 kt (10%)
- Germany: crude origin not reported20 kt (4%)
- Germany: crude not from imports6.2 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports2.8 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported1.9 kt (<1%)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: road diesel supply | 236,000 | 47.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: road diesel supply | 183,000 | 37.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: road diesel supply | 51,000 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: road diesel supply | 23,000 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 87,848 | 37.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Czechia: crude not from imports | Czechia (own refineries) | 50,737 | 21.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 49,774 | 97.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 42,909 | 18.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Czechia (own refineries) | 42,184 | 17.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 35,722 | 19.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 30,979 | 16.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 27,117 | 14.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 20,935 | 11.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 19,904 | 10.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude origin not reported | Germany | 19,636 | 10.7% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 18,527 | 10.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 12,322 | 5.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 11,781 | 51.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude not from imports | Germany | 6,224 | 3.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Libya | Austria | 4,241 | 18.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 3,957 | 2.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 2,243 | 9.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 2,192 | 9.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Austria | 1,949 | 8.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 675 | 1.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 551 | 1.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United States | Austria | 429 | 1.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 164 | 0.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-02 to 2025-04. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2025-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2025-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Czechia’s supply of road diesel in 2025-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2025-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-02 to 2025-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Czechia: crude not from imports (50,737 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Germany: crude origin not reported (19,636 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Germany: crude not from imports (6,224 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (2,793 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (1,949 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.