Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2026, Czechia's jet fuel supply was 37 kt: 43% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (43%) and Poland (8%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (22%), Saudi Arabia (17%) and Azerbaijan (15%), and 2% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway8.3 kt (est. 22%)Saudi Arabia6.2 kt (est. 17%)Azerbaijan5.7 kt (est. 15%)Kazakhstan4.0 kt (est. 11%)United States2.9 kt (est. 8%)Libya2.0 kt (est. 6%)Guyana2.0 kt (est. 5%)Other crude origins5.3 kt (est. 14%)Germany: crude not from imports0.4 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.3 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)16 kt (43%)Germany16 kt (43%)Poland3.0 kt (8%)Austria1.0 kt (3%)Belgium1.0 kt (3%)Czechia: jet fuel supply37 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Poland
- Austria
- Belgium
- Norway8.3 kt (est. 22%)
- Saudi Arabia6.2 kt (est. 17%)
- Azerbaijan5.7 kt (est. 15%)
- Kazakhstan4.0 kt (est. 11%)
- United States2.9 kt (est. 8%)
- Libya2.0 kt (est. 6%)
- Guyana2.0 kt (est. 5%)
- Other crude origins5.3 kt (est. 14%)
- Germany: crude not from imports0.4 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.3 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 16,000 | 43.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 16,000 | 43.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Poland | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 3,000 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 1,000 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Czechia: jet fuel supply | 1,000 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 5,346 | 33.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Czechia (own refineries) | 4,505 | 28.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 4,118 | 25.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 3,920 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 2,899 | 18.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 2,617 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,965 | 12.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 1,864 | 11.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 1,662 | 10.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Germany | 1,515 | 9.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 1,319 | 44.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Poland | 1,073 | 35.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia (own refineries) | 567 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's jet fuel to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude not from imports | Germany | 382 | 2.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Belgium | 372 | 37.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Czechia split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 336 | 2.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Poland | 307 | 10.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 304 | 1.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Belgium | 278 | 27.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Czechia split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 259 | 25.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 247 | 24.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Belgium | 198 | 19.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Czechia split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 193 | 6.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Libya | Austria | 185 | 18.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 113 | 11.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Guyana | Austria | 90 | 9.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 70 | 7.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Czechia split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 61 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Belgium | 58 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Czechia split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria | 51 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 46 | 1.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's jet fuel to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 28 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 26 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 24 | 2.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Czechia split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of jet fuel in 2026-03, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-03 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-01 to 2026-03.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Germany: crude not from imports (382 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (307 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.