Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2026, Czechia's petrol supply was 141 kt: 55% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (34%) and Austria (9%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (20%), Azerbaijan (19%) and Saudi Arabia (17%), and 2% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway28 kt (est. 20%)Azerbaijan27 kt (est. 19%)Saudi Arabia24 kt (est. 17%)Kazakhstan17 kt (est. 12%)United States8.8 kt (est. 6%)Libya8.0 kt (est. 6%)United Kingdom7.0 kt (est. 5%)Other crude origins18 kt (est. 12%)Austria: crude not from imports1.5 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.2 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.1 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)78 kt (55%)Germany48 kt (34%)Austria13 kt (9%)Netherlands1.0 kt (<1%)Poland1.0 kt (<1%)Czechia: petrol supply141 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Austria
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Norway28 kt (est. 20%)
- Azerbaijan27 kt (est. 19%)
- Saudi Arabia24 kt (est. 17%)
- Kazakhstan17 kt (est. 12%)
- United States8.8 kt (est. 6%)
- Libya8.0 kt (est. 6%)
- United Kingdom7.0 kt (est. 5%)
- Other crude origins18 kt (est. 12%)
- Austria: crude not from imports1.5 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.2 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: petrol supply | 78,000 | 55.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: petrol supply | 48,000 | 34.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: petrol supply | 13,000 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Czechia: petrol supply | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: petrol supply | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 26,061 | 33.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Czechia (own refineries) | 21,963 | 28.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 19,109 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 11,666 | 24.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 8,698 | 18.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 8,104 | 10.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 7,850 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 5,894 | 12.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 5,593 | 11.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 5,232 | 10.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 3,371 | 25.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia (own refineries) | 2,763 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 2,715 | 20.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 2,407 | 18.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Austria | 1,672 | 12.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Austria: crude not from imports | Austria | 1,471 | 11.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 1,147 | 2.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 1,009 | 2.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 911 | 1.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria | 662 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 440 | 44.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 368 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Poland | 358 | 35.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 334 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 283 | 28.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Netherlands | 226 | 22.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 221 | 22.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 123 | 12.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 92 | 9.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 75 | 7.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 70 | 7.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 64 | 6.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 25 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 15 | 1.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Netherlands | 7 | 0.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Netherlands | 2 | 0.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of petrol in 2026-03, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-03 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-01 to 2026-03.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Austria: crude not from imports (1,471 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (1,211 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (75 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.