Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, Czechia's petrol supply was 204 kt: 59% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (27%), Slovakia (7%) and Austria (5%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Saudi Arabia (23%), Kazakhstan (15%) and Azerbaijan (13%), and 13% cannot be traced.
Country
Saudi Arabia47 kt (est. 23%)Kazakhstan30 kt (est. 15%)Azerbaijan26 kt (est. 13%)Norway21 kt (est. 10%)United States17 kt (est. 8%)United Kingdom7.9 kt (est. 4%)Libya6.5 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins23 kt (est. 11%)Czechia: crude not from imports21 kt (10%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports2.6 kt (1%)Slovakia: crude origin not reported2.3 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.1 kt (<1%)Czechia (own refineries)121 kt (59%)Germany55 kt (27%)Slovakia14 kt (7%)Austria11 kt (5%)Netherlands2.0 kt (<1%)Poland1.0 kt (<1%)Czechia: petrol supply204 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Czechia (own refineries)
- Germany
- Slovakia
- Austria
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Saudi Arabia47 kt (est. 23%)
- Kazakhstan30 kt (est. 15%)
- Azerbaijan26 kt (est. 13%)
- Norway21 kt (est. 10%)
- United States17 kt (est. 8%)
- United Kingdom7.9 kt (est. 4%)
- Libya6.5 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins23 kt (est. 11%)
- Czechia: crude not from imports21 kt (10%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports2.6 kt (1%)
- Slovakia: crude origin not reported2.3 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czechia (own refineries) | Czechia: petrol supply | 121,000 | 59.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Czechia: petrol supply | 55,000 | 27.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia: petrol supply | 14,000 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia: petrol supply | 11,000 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Czechia: petrol supply | 2,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Poland | Czechia: petrol supply | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | Czechia (own refineries) | 43,306 | 35.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia (own refineries) | 24,425 | 20.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Czechia: crude not from imports | Czechia (own refineries) | 20,890 | 17.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia (own refineries) | 15,989 | 13.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 11,801 | 21.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 10,758 | 19.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 9,823 | 17.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia (own refineries) | 8,436 | 7.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 7,571 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 7,098 | 50.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Czechia (own refineries) | 6,026 | 5.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 6,015 | 54.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 5,637 | 10.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 4,837 | 8.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Slovakia: crude origin not reported | Slovakia | 2,312 | 16.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia (own refineries) | 1,928 | 1.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Czechia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 1,668 | 3.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 1,657 | 11.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovakia | 1,606 | 11.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 1,459 | 2.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 1,446 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Czechia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 1,436 | 13.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 956 | 8.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria | 821 | 7.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 814 | 7.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Libya | Slovakia | 677 | 4.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Slovakia | 650 | 4.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Czechia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 545 | 27.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 499 | 4.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Netherlands | 490 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Austria | 402 | 3.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 385 | 38.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 384 | 19.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Poland | 375 | 37.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 190 | 9.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 171 | 8.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 141 | 7.0% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 129 | 12.9% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 64 | 6.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 58 | 0.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Czechia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 49 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Poland | 47 | 4.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's petrol to Czechia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Netherlands | 19 | 1.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Netherlands | 11 | 0.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Czechia split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Czechia’s supply of petrol in 2026-05, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-05 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-03 to 2026-05.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Czechia: crude not from imports (20,890 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (2,611 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Slovakia: crude origin not reported (2,312 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (141 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.