Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2026, Denmark's petrol supply was 193 kt: 93% from its own refineries; tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (36%), the United States (22%) and the United Kingdom (9%), and 32% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway69 kt (est. 36%)United States43 kt (est. 22%)United Kingdom17 kt (est. 9%)Guyana1.1 kt (est. <1%)Libya0.4 kt (est. <1%)Brazil0.3 kt (est. <1%)Netherlands0.2 kt (est. <1%)Denmark: crude not from imports55 kt (28%)United Kingdom: no crude data7.0 kt (4%)Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Denmark (own refineries)180 kt (93%)United Kingdom7.0 kt (4%)Sweden6.5 kt (3%)Denmark: petrol supply193 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Denmark (own refineries)
- United Kingdom
- Sweden
- Norway69 kt (est. 36%)
- United States43 kt (est. 22%)
- United Kingdom17 kt (est. 9%)
- Guyana1.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Libya0.4 kt (est. <1%)
- Brazil0.3 kt (est. <1%)
- Netherlands0.2 kt (est. <1%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports55 kt (28%)
- United Kingdom: no crude data7.0 kt (4%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
Crude behind this petrol, an estimate (Jul 2026)
less than 50 tonnes
<1% of Denmark's petrol supply
Unknown
Last shipped from
- Swedenless than 0.1 kt (100%)
Source: Fuel Origin fuel-chain look-through (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), built on Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm and nrg_cb_oilm
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark (own refineries) | Denmark: petrol supply | 179,576 | 93.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark: petrol supply | 6,957 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark: petrol supply | 6,501 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Denmark (own refineries) | 66,432 | 37.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark (own refineries) | 54,743 | 30.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United States | Denmark (own refineries) | 42,107 | 23.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark (own refineries) | 16,294 | 9.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-07. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom: no crude data | United Kingdom | 6,957 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Norway | Sweden | 2,740 | 42.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden | 1,130 | 17.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 975 | 15.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden | 765 | 11.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden | 387 | 6.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Sweden | 269 | 4.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 220 | 3.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-05 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Sweden | 15 | 0.2% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Denmark’s supply of petrol in 2026-07, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-07 (latest month that can be drawn, the month its country page shows). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-05 to 2026-07.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Denmark: crude not from imports (54,743 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- United Kingdom: no crude data (6,957 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (15 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.