Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2024, Denmark's petrol supply was 207 kt: 77% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Sweden (8%) and the Netherlands (7%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the United States (33%) and Norway (22%), and 31% cannot be traced.
Country
United States69 kt (est. 33%)Norway46 kt (est. 22%)United Kingdom10.0 kt (est. 5%)Libya9.1 kt (est. 4%)Kazakhstan2.4 kt (est. 1%)Iraq1.6 kt (est. <1%)Saudi Arabia1.1 kt (est. <1%)Other crude origins3.0 kt (est. 1%)Denmark: crude not from imports50 kt (24%)Norway: no crude data6.0 kt (3%)United Kingdom: no crude data5.0 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported3.2 kt (2%)Origin not reported: crude unknown1.0 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)Denmark (own refineries)160 kt (77%)Sweden16 kt (8%)Netherlands15 kt (7%)Norway6.0 kt (3%)United Kingdom5.0 kt (2%)Germany4.0 kt (2%)Imports, origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)Denmark: petrol supply207 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Denmark (own refineries)
- Sweden
- Netherlands
- Norway
- United Kingdom
- Germany
- Other (1)
- United States69 kt (est. 33%)
- Norway46 kt (est. 22%)
- United Kingdom10.0 kt (est. 5%)
- Libya9.1 kt (est. 4%)
- Kazakhstan2.4 kt (est. 1%)
- Iraq1.6 kt (est. <1%)
- Saudi Arabia1.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Other crude origins3.0 kt (est. 1%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports50 kt (24%)
- Norway: no crude data6.0 kt (3%)
- United Kingdom: no crude data5.0 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported3.2 kt (2%)
- Origin not reported: crude unknown1.0 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark (own refineries) | Denmark: petrol supply | 160,000 | 77.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Sweden | Denmark: petrol supply | 16,000 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark: petrol supply | 15,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark: petrol supply | 6,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark: petrol supply | 5,000 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark: petrol supply | 4,000 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Imports, origin not reported | Denmark: petrol supply | 1,000 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Denmark (own refineries) | 61,328 | 38.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark (own refineries) | 49,628 | 31.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Denmark (own refineries) | 34,028 | 21.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Sweden | 9,201 | 57.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Denmark (own refineries) | 7,898 | 4.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark (own refineries) | 7,020 | 4.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 6,000 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| United Kingdom: no crude data | United Kingdom | 5,000 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| United States | Netherlands | 3,469 | 23.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden | 3,040 | 19.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 2,337 | 15.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 2,149 | 14.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 1,806 | 12.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 1,601 | 10.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Sweden | 1,444 | 9.0% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 1,343 | 9.0% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 1,335 | 8.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 1,044 | 6.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Origin not reported: crude unknown | Imports, origin not reported | 1,000 | 100.0% | UnknownThe statistics did not say which country these imports came from. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 960 | 6.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden | 818 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 813 | 20.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 696 | 17.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 564 | 14.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Sweden | 453 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 418 | 10.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 380 | 9.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 323 | 8.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Germany | 318 | 7.9% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Iraq | Germany | 254 | 6.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 138 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Denmark split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 97 | 2.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-06 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Denmark’s supply of petrol in 2024-06, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-06 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-04 to 2024-06.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Denmark: crude not from imports (49,628 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Norway: no crude data (6,000 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- United Kingdom: no crude data (5,000 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (3,202 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Origin not reported: crude unknown (1,000 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (97 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Imports, origin not reported (1,000 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.