Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2026, Denmark's petrol supply was 183 kt: 85% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Norway (8%) and Sweden (7%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (27%), the United States (25%) and the Netherlands (5%), and 36% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway50 kt (est. 27%)United States45 kt (est. 25%)Netherlands9.4 kt (est. 5%)Germany6.6 kt (est. 4%)United Kingdom4.7 kt (est. 3%)Nigeria0.4 kt (est. <1%)Guyana0.4 kt (est. <1%)Denmark: crude not from imports51 kt (28%)Norway: no crude data15 kt (8%)Origin not reported: crude unknown0.3 kt (<1%)Denmark (own refineries)155 kt (85%)Norway15 kt (8%)Sweden12 kt (7%)Imports, origin not reported0.3 kt (<1%)Denmark: petrol supply183 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Denmark (own refineries)
- Norway
- Sweden
- Other (1)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark (own refineries) | Denmark: petrol supply | 155,479 | 85.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Norway | Denmark: petrol supply | 15,083 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark: petrol supply | 11,994 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Imports, origin not reported | Denmark: petrol supply | 266 | 0.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark (own refineries) | 51,056 | 32.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Denmark (own refineries) | 43,918 | 28.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Denmark (own refineries) | 41,394 | 26.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 15,083 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Netherlands | Denmark (own refineries) | 9,402 | 6.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany | Denmark (own refineries) | 6,576 | 4.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Sweden | 5,981 | 49.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden | 3,692 | 30.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark (own refineries) | 3,133 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 1,608 | 13.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Sweden | 359 | 3.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden | 354 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Origin not reported: crude unknown | Imports, origin not reported | 266 | 100.0% | UnknownThe statistics did not say which country these imports came from. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Denmark’s supply of petrol in 2026-03, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-03 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-01 to 2026-03.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Denmark: crude not from imports (51,056 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Norway: no crude data (15,083 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Origin not reported: crude unknown (266 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Imports, origin not reported (266 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.