Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2026, Denmark's petrol supply was 234 kt: 82% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Norway (6%) and Sweden (5%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the United States (34%), Norway (23%) and the Netherlands (5%), and 29% cannot be traced.
Country
United States80 kt (est. 34%)Norway54 kt (est. 23%)Netherlands12 kt (est. 5%)United Kingdom11 kt (est. 5%)Germany8.4 kt (est. 4%)Nigeria0.3 kt (est. <1%)Guyana0.3 kt (est. <1%)Libya0.2 kt (est. <1%)Denmark: crude not from imports38 kt (16%)Norway: no crude data14 kt (6%)Latvia: no refinery8.9 kt (4%)United Kingdom: no crude data6.7 kt (3%)Origin not reported: crude unknownless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Denmark (own refineries)193 kt (82%)Norway14 kt (6%)Sweden12 kt (5%)Latvia8.9 kt (4%)United Kingdom6.7 kt (3%)Imports, origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Denmark: petrol supply234 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Denmark (own refineries)
- Norway
- Sweden
- Latvia
- United Kingdom
- Other (1)
- United States80 kt (est. 34%)
- Norway54 kt (est. 23%)
- Netherlands12 kt (est. 5%)
- United Kingdom11 kt (est. 5%)
- Germany8.4 kt (est. 4%)
- Nigeria0.3 kt (est. <1%)
- Guyana0.3 kt (est. <1%)
- Libya0.2 kt (est. <1%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports38 kt (16%)
- Norway: no crude data14 kt (6%)
- Latvia: no refinery8.9 kt (4%)
- United Kingdom: no crude data6.7 kt (3%)
- Origin not reported: crude unknownless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark (own refineries) | Denmark: petrol supply | 192,578 | 82.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Norway | Denmark: petrol supply | 13,854 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark: petrol supply | 11,828 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Latvia | Denmark: petrol supply | 8,879 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark: petrol supply | 6,670 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Denmark (own refineries) | 77,034 | 40.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Denmark (own refineries) | 47,201 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark (own refineries) | 38,126 | 19.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 13,854 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Netherlands | Denmark (own refineries) | 11,998 | 6.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark (own refineries) | 9,827 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Latvia: no refinery | Latvia | 8,879 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Germany | Denmark (own refineries) | 8,392 | 4.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom: no crude data | United Kingdom | 6,670 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Norway | Sweden | 6,339 | 53.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden | 3,239 | 27.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 1,322 | 11.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Sweden | 347 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden | 342 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden | 239 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Origin not reported: crude unknown | Imports, origin not reported | 19 | 100.0% | UnknownThe statistics did not say which country these imports came from. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Denmark’s supply of petrol in 2026-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Countries without a crude refinery can appear under "Last shipped from": the importing country's statistics record where the fuel arrived from. It was refined elsewhere and either sold on or passed through that country's terminals; the statistics do not say which, or where it was refined.
Month: 2026-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-02 to 2026-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Denmark: crude not from imports (38,126 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Norway: no crude data (13,854 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Latvia: no refinery (8,879 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- United Kingdom: no crude data (6,670 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Origin not reported: crude unknown (19 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Imports, origin not reported (19 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.