Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, Denmark's petrol supply was 221 kt: 81% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Sweden (10%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the United States (43%) and Norway (23%), and 24% cannot be traced.
Country
United States95 kt (est. 43%)Norway50 kt (est. 23%)United Kingdom8.8 kt (est. 4%)Germany7.3 kt (est. 3%)Brazil1.2 kt (est. <1%)Guyana1.1 kt (est. <1%)Nigeria0.9 kt (est. <1%)Other crude origins3.0 kt (est. 1%)Denmark: crude not from imports42 kt (19%)Norway: no crude data11 kt (5%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.6 kt (<1%)Origin not reported: crude unknown0.5 kt (<1%)Denmark (own refineries)180 kt (81%)Sweden21 kt (10%)Norway11 kt (5%)Netherlands8.9 kt (4%)Imports, origin not reported0.5 kt (<1%)Denmark: petrol supply221 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Denmark (own refineries)
- Sweden
- Norway
- Netherlands
- Other (1)
- United States95 kt (est. 43%)
- Norway50 kt (est. 23%)
- United Kingdom8.8 kt (est. 4%)
- Germany7.3 kt (est. 3%)
- Brazil1.2 kt (est. <1%)
- Guyana1.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Nigeria0.9 kt (est. <1%)
- Other crude origins3.0 kt (est. 1%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports42 kt (19%)
- Norway: no crude data11 kt (5%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.6 kt (<1%)
- Origin not reported: crude unknown0.5 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark (own refineries) | Denmark: petrol supply | 179,969 | 81.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Sweden | Denmark: petrol supply | 21,265 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark: petrol supply | 10,546 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark: petrol supply | 8,902 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Imports, origin not reported | Denmark: petrol supply | 465 | 0.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Denmark (own refineries) | 87,990 | 48.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark (own refineries) | 42,129 | 23.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Denmark (own refineries) | 37,440 | 20.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Sweden | 10,929 | 51.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 10,546 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Germany | Denmark (own refineries) | 7,321 | 4.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark (own refineries) | 5,089 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Denmark split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden | 4,785 | 22.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 2,997 | 14.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 2,636 | 29.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Netherlands | 2,183 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 1,709 | 19.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden | 1,089 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 760 | 8.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 647 | 7.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 626 | 7.0% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Nigeria | Sweden | 554 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Sweden | 529 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Origin not reported: crude unknown | Imports, origin not reported | 465 | 100.0% | UnknownThe statistics did not say which country these imports came from. |
| Other crude origins | Sweden | 382 | 1.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Denmark split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 334 | 3.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Denmark split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Denmark’s supply of petrol in 2026-05, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-05 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-03 to 2026-05.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Denmark: crude not from imports (42,129 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Norway: no crude data (10,546 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (626 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Origin not reported: crude unknown (465 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Imports, origin not reported (465 t): The statistics did not say which country these imports came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.