Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2025, Estonia's jet fuel supply was 9.0 kt, all of it imported, from Lithuania (67%) and Greece (33%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Saudi Arabia (27%), Norway (25%) and the United Kingdom (15%).
Country
Month
Aug 2025
Latest month that can be drawn
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
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Crude origin (estimate)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lithuania | Estonia: jet fuel supply | 6,000 | 66.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Estonia: jet fuel supply | 3,000 | 33.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 2,183 | 36.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Estonia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Lithuania | 1,844 | 30.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Estonia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Lithuania | 1,316 | 21.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Estonia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Greece | 868 | 28.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Estonia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 791 | 26.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Estonia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Algeria | Lithuania | 657 | 11.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Estonia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 469 | 15.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Estonia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece | 392 | 13.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Estonia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 277 | 9.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Estonia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Greece | 204 | 6.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's jet fuel to Estonia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-06 to 2025-08. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2025-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2025-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Estonia’s supply of jet fuel in 2025-08, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2025-08 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-06 to 2025-08.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.