Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2026, Finland's petrol supply was 366 kt: 87% from its own refineries, with imports from Sweden (13%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (65%), the United States (14%) and Denmark (9%).
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Finland (own refineries)
- Sweden
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
Crude behind this petrol, an estimate (Jun 2026)
5.2 thousand tonnes
est. 1% of Finland's petrol supply
less than 0.1 kt reported5.2 kt estimated
Inferred · medium
Refined in
- Sweden5.2 kt (est. 100%)
Source: Fuel Origin fuel-chain look-through (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), built on Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm and nrg_cb_oilm
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finland (own refineries) | Finland: petrol supply | 319,000 | 87.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Sweden | Finland: petrol supply | 47,000 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Finland (own refineries) | 216,012 | 67.7% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Finland split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United States | Finland (own refineries) | 41,751 | 13.1% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Finland split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Denmark | Finland (own refineries) | 31,407 | 9.8% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Finland split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Norway | Sweden | 22,491 | 47.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Finland split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Senegal | Finland (own refineries) | 18,754 | 5.9% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Finland split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Canada | Finland (own refineries) | 11,077 | 3.5% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Finland split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United States | Sweden | 8,383 | 17.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Finland split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 5,970 | 12.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Finland split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden | 5,219 | 11.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Finland split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Sweden | 4,938 | 10.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Finland split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Finland’s supply of petrol in 2026-06, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Dashed crude links rest partly on crude imports estimated from published euro values: a supplier did not publish its crude imports for some months of the window (docs/METHODOLOGY.md section 6.1). Customs basis, INFERRED. Method
Month: 2026-06 (latest month all EU member states reported). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-04 to 2026-06.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.