Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2026, Greece's road diesel supply was 598 kt: 90% from its own refineries, with imports from the United Kingdom (5%) and Turkmenistan (5%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Iraq (25%), Kazakhstan (19%) and Libya (15%), and 10% cannot be traced.
Country
Iraq147 kt (est. 25%)Kazakhstan112 kt (est. 19%)Libya90 kt (est. 15%)Saudi Arabia65 kt (est. 11%)Norway64 kt (est. 11%)Azerbaijan30 kt (est. 5%)United States17 kt (est. 3%)Egypt13 kt (est. 2%)United Kingdom: no crude data30 kt (5%)Turkmenistan: no crude data30 kt (5%)Greece (own refineries)538 kt (90%)United Kingdom30 kt (5%)Turkmenistan30 kt (5%)Greece: road diesel supply598 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Greece (own refineries)
- United Kingdom
- Turkmenistan
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Greece (own refineries) | Greece: road diesel supply | 537,982 | 90.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| United Kingdom | Greece: road diesel supply | 30,065 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Turkmenistan | Greece: road diesel supply | 29,943 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iraq | Greece (own refineries) | 147,318 | 27.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece (own refineries) | 111,820 | 20.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece (own refineries) | 89,748 | 16.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece (own refineries) | 65,312 | 12.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece (own refineries) | 64,068 | 11.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom: no crude data | United Kingdom | 30,065 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Turkmenistan: no crude data | Turkmenistan | 29,943 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Azerbaijan | Greece (own refineries) | 29,610 | 5.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Greece (own refineries) | 16,908 | 3.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Egypt | Greece (own refineries) | 13,197 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Greece split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Greece’s supply of road diesel in 2026-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-02 to 2026-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- United Kingdom: no crude data (30,065 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Turkmenistan: no crude data (29,943 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.