Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2024, Latvia's jet fuel supply was 10 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Lithuania (83%) and Kuwait (14%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Saudi Arabia (37%), Norway (19%) and Algeria (14%), and 17% cannot be traced.
Country
Saudi Arabia3.7 kt (est. 37%)Norway1.9 kt (est. 19%)Algeria1.4 kt (est. 14%)United Kingdom0.6 kt (est. 6%)United States0.6 kt (est. 6%)Kuwait: no crude data1.4 kt (14%)Russia: no crude data0.3 kt (3%)Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Lithuania8.3 kt (83%)Kuwait1.4 kt (14%)Russia0.3 kt (3%)Latvia: jet fuel supply10 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lithuania | Latvia: jet fuel supply | 8,323 | 83.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Latvia: jet fuel supply | 1,373 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Russia | Latvia: jet fuel supply | 329 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 3,705 | 44.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Lithuania | 1,895 | 22.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Algeria | Lithuania | 1,445 | 17.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Kuwait: no crude data | Kuwait | 1,373 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| United Kingdom | Lithuania | 638 | 7.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Lithuania | 621 | 7.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's jet fuel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2024-04 to 2024-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia: no crude data | Russia | 329 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Lithuania | 19 | 0.2% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-06 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Latvia’s supply of jet fuel in 2024-06, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-06 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-04 to 2024-06.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Kuwait: no crude data (1,373 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Russia: no crude data (329 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (19 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.