Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, Slovakia's road diesel supply was 351 kt: 76% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Switzerland (9%) and Czechia (9%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from the Russia (29%), Saudi Arabia (12%) and the United Kingdom (9%), and 25% cannot be traced.
Country
Russia102 kt (est. 29%)Saudi Arabia42 kt (est. 12%)United Kingdom32 kt (est. 9%)Switzerland27 kt (est. 8%)Norway15 kt (est. 4%)Libya14 kt (est. 4%)Kazakhstan12 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins18 kt (est. 5%)Slovakia: crude origin not reported44 kt (12%)Switzerland: no crude data33 kt (9%)Czechia: crude not from imports5.4 kt (2%)United Kingdom: no crude data5.0 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.1 kt (<1%)Slovakia (own refineries)265 kt (76%)Switzerland33 kt (9%)Czechia32 kt (9%)Austria13 kt (4%)United Kingdom5.0 kt (1%)Germany3.3 kt (<1%)Hungaryless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Slovakia: road diesel supply351 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Slovakia (own refineries)
- Switzerland
- Czechia
- Austria
- United Kingdom
- Germany
- Hungary
- Russia102 kt (est. 29%)
- Saudi Arabia42 kt (est. 12%)
- United Kingdom32 kt (est. 9%)
- Switzerland27 kt (est. 8%)
- Norway15 kt (est. 4%)
- Libya14 kt (est. 4%)
- Kazakhstan12 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins18 kt (est. 5%)
- Slovakia: crude origin not reported44 kt (12%)
- Switzerland: no crude data33 kt (9%)
- Czechia: crude not from imports5.4 kt (2%)
- United Kingdom: no crude data5.0 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.1 kt (<1%)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slovakia (own refineries) | Slovakia: road diesel supply | 265,374 | 75.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Switzerland | Slovakia: road diesel supply | 32,953 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Slovakia: road diesel supply | 31,537 | 9.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovakia: road diesel supply | 13,304 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia: road diesel supply | 5,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Slovakia: road diesel supply | 3,268 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | Slovakia (own refineries) | 101,972 | 38.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Slovakia: crude origin not reported | Slovakia (own refineries) | 43,818 | 16.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Switzerland: no crude data | Switzerland | 32,953 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia (own refineries) | 31,410 | 11.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovakia (own refineries) | 30,442 | 11.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Switzerland | Slovakia (own refineries) | 27,221 | 10.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Slovakia (own refineries) | 12,837 | 4.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Slovakia (own refineries) | 12,315 | 4.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Czechia | 11,287 | 35.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia | 8,439 | 26.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 7,275 | 54.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovakia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Czechia: crude not from imports | Czechia | 5,445 | 17.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia (own refineries) | 5,359 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom: no crude data | United Kingdom | 5,000 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 4,167 | 13.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 2,799 | 21.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovakia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia | 2,199 | 7.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's road diesel to Slovakia split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 1,372 | 42.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Slovakia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 1,157 | 8.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovakia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 984 | 7.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Germany | 639 | 19.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Slovakia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 603 | 4.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovakia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Austria | 486 | 3.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovakia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 450 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Slovakia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 335 | 10.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Slovakia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 287 | 8.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Slovakia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 99 | 3.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 86 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's road diesel to Slovakia split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Hungary | 9 | 35.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovakia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Hungary | 7 | 28.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovakia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 4 | 17.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Hungary | 2 | 6.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovakia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Hungary | 2 | 6.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovakia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 1 | 2.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovakia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 1 | 2.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovakia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Slovakia’s supply of road diesel in 2026-05, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-05 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-03 to 2026-05.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Slovakia: crude origin not reported (43,818 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Switzerland: no crude data (32,953 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Czechia: crude not from imports (5,445 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- United Kingdom: no crude data (5,000 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (1,088 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.