Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2024, Slovenia's petrol supply was 68 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Italy (47%), Greece (25%) and Austria (12%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (21%), Libya (15%) and the Russia (13%), and 6% cannot be traced.
Country
Kazakhstan14 kt (est. 21%)Libya10 kt (est. 15%)Russia8.8 kt (est. 13%)Iraq7.5 kt (est. 11%)Azerbaijan5.8 kt (est. 9%)Saudi Arabia5.5 kt (est. 8%)United States2.8 kt (est. 4%)Other crude origins8.7 kt (est. 13%)Italy: crude not from imports2.4 kt (4%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.0 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.8 kt (1%)Italy32 kt (47%)Greece17 kt (25%)Austria8.0 kt (12%)Slovakia8.0 kt (12%)Hungary3.0 kt (4%)Slovenia: petrol supply68 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Kazakhstan14 kt (est. 21%)
- Libya10 kt (est. 15%)
- Russia8.8 kt (est. 13%)
- Iraq7.5 kt (est. 11%)
- Azerbaijan5.8 kt (est. 9%)
- Saudi Arabia5.5 kt (est. 8%)
- United States2.8 kt (est. 4%)
- Other crude origins8.7 kt (est. 13%)
- Italy: crude not from imports2.4 kt (4%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports1.0 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.8 kt (1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italy | Slovenia: petrol supply | 32,000 | 47.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia: petrol supply | 17,000 | 25.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovenia: petrol supply | 8,000 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Slovenia: petrol supply | 8,000 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Slovenia: petrol supply | 3,000 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russia | Slovakia | 6,634 | 82.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Slovenia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Italy | 6,224 | 19.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Italy | 5,566 | 17.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Greece | 5,284 | 31.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 5,194 | 16.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 5,148 | 16.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 4,896 | 61.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 4,080 | 24.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 3,162 | 18.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Italy | 2,626 | 8.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Italy: crude not from imports | Italy | 2,392 | 7.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 2,372 | 7.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 2,258 | 13.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Italy | 2,196 | 6.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's petrol to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Russia | Hungary | 2,126 | 70.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Slovenia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Greece | 1,485 | 8.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 1,366 | 17.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Slovenia split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 1,028 | 12.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 848 | 10.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 520 | 6.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 453 | 15.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Azerbaijan | Greece | 367 | 2.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's petrol to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Greece | 364 | 2.1% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 305 | 3.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Italy | 281 | 0.9% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 275 | 9.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Slovenia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Austria | 172 | 2.2% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 146 | 4.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Slovenia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria | 141 | 1.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 89 | 1.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2024-02 to 2024-04. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Slovenia’s supply of petrol in 2024-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-02 to 2024-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Italy: crude not from imports (2,392 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (973 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (818 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.