Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2025, Sweden's road diesel supply was 797 kt: 67% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Finland (11%) and Denmark (10%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (49%), the United States (11%) and the United Kingdom (6%), and 21% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway392 kt (est. 49%)United States91 kt (est. 11%)United Kingdom52 kt (est. 6%)Guyana46 kt (est. 6%)Nigeria16 kt (est. 2%)Libya15 kt (est. 2%)Denmark5.7 kt (est. <1%)Other crude origins13 kt (est. 2%)Sweden: crude origin not reported79 kt (10%)Canada: no crude data30 kt (4%)Norway: no crude data27 kt (3%)Denmark: crude not from imports23 kt (3%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported4.2 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports2.4 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: no crude data1.3 kt (<1%)Sweden (own refineries)532 kt (67%)Finland90 kt (11%)Denmark78 kt (10%)Netherlands40 kt (5%)Canada30 kt (4%)Norway27 kt (3%)Qatar1.3 kt (<1%)United Kingdomless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Sweden: road diesel supply797 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Sweden (own refineries)
- Finland
- Denmark
- Netherlands
- Canada
- Norway
- Qatar
- United Kingdom
- Norway392 kt (est. 49%)
- United States91 kt (est. 11%)
- United Kingdom52 kt (est. 6%)
- Guyana46 kt (est. 6%)
- Nigeria16 kt (est. 2%)
- Libya15 kt (est. 2%)
- Denmark5.7 kt (est. <1%)
- Other crude origins13 kt (est. 2%)
- Sweden: crude origin not reported79 kt (10%)
- Canada: no crude data30 kt (4%)
- Norway: no crude data27 kt (3%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports23 kt (3%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported4.2 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports2.4 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: no crude data1.3 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
Road diesel supplied (Jan 2025)
1.3 thousand tonnes
<1% of Sweden's road diesel supply
Official
Crude behind it (estimate)
- Smaller flows: no crude data1.3 kt (100%)
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis); Fuel Origin fuel-chain look-through (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md section 8), built on Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm and nrg_cb_oilm
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden (own refineries) | Sweden: road diesel supply | 531,535 | 66.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Finland | Sweden: road diesel supply | 89,652 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Sweden: road diesel supply | 77,694 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden: road diesel supply | 39,665 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Canada | Sweden: road diesel supply | 30,341 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden: road diesel supply | 26,860 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Qatar | Sweden: road diesel supply | 1,278 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Sweden (own refineries) | 283,949 | 53.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Finland | 81,021 | 90.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Finland's road diesel to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Sweden: crude origin not reported | Sweden (own refineries) | 79,226 | 14.9% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| United States | Sweden (own refineries) | 49,271 | 9.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden (own refineries) | 45,896 | 8.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden (own refineries) | 41,872 | 7.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Denmark | 30,595 | 39.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Canada: no crude data | Canada | 30,341 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 26,860 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark | 22,893 | 29.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Denmark | 20,778 | 26.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Sweden (own refineries) | 15,231 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 13,066 | 32.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Netherlands | 10,756 | 27.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden (own refineries) | 10,380 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Finland | 6,653 | 7.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Finland's road diesel to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 6,125 | 15.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark | Sweden (own refineries) | 5,710 | 1.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Denmark | 3,428 | 4.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 3,207 | 8.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Netherlands | 2,385 | 6.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 2,225 | 5.6% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Finland | 1,978 | 2.2% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Smaller flows: no crude data | Qatar | 1,278 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Libya | Netherlands | 957 | 2.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 945 | 2.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2024-11 to 2025-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: no crude data | United Kingdom | 2 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2025-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Sweden’s supply of road diesel in 2025-01, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2025-01 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2024-11 to 2025-01.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Sweden: crude origin not reported (79,226 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Canada: no crude data (30,341 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Norway: no crude data (26,860 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Denmark: crude not from imports (22,893 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (4,203 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (2,385 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: no crude data (1,280 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.