Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, Sweden's jet fuel supply was 49 kt: 2% from its own refineries, with imports from India (81%) and Norway (17%); tracing one step back, no single crude origin reaches 5% of it, and 98% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway0.4 kt (est. <1%)Nigeria0.1 kt (est. <1%)United Kingdom0.1 kt (est. <1%)United States0.1 kt (est. <1%)Libyaless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)Brazilless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)India: no crude data40 kt (81%)Norway: no crude data8.4 kt (17%)Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Sweden (own refineries)0.9 kt (2%)India40 kt (81%)Norway8.4 kt (17%)Sweden: jet fuel supply49 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- India
- Norway
- Sweden (own refineries)
- Norway0.4 kt (est. <1%)
- Nigeria0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- United Kingdom0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- United States0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Libyaless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Brazilless than 0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- India: no crude data40 kt (81%)
- Norway: no crude data8.4 kt (17%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| India | Sweden: jet fuel supply | 39,845 | 81.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden: jet fuel supply | 8,381 | 17.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden (own refineries) | Sweden: jet fuel supply | 869 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| India: no crude data | India | 39,845 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 8,381 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Norway | Sweden (own refineries) | 428 | 49.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's jet fuel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Sweden (own refineries) | 118 | 13.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's jet fuel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden (own refineries) | 116 | 13.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's jet fuel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden (own refineries) | 87 | 10.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's jet fuel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden (own refineries) | 49 | 5.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's jet fuel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Sweden (own refineries) | 45 | 5.2% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Sweden (own refineries) | 18 | 2.1% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Brazil | Sweden (own refineries) | 10 | 1.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's jet fuel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2023-11 to 2024-01. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Sweden’s supply of jet fuel in 2024-01, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2024-01 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2023-11 to 2024-01.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- India: no crude data (39,845 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Norway: no crude data (8,381 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (45 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (18 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.