Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2026, Sweden's petrol supply was 482 kt: 79% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Finland (11%) and Denmark (7%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (52%), the United States (26%) and the United Kingdom (9%), and 3% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway252 kt (est. 52%)United States123 kt (est. 26%)United Kingdom45 kt (est. 9%)Guyana13 kt (est. 3%)Nigeria12 kt (est. 2%)Denmark8.8 kt (est. 2%)Libya7.8 kt (est. 2%)Other crude origins6.5 kt (est. 1%)Denmark: crude not from imports6.7 kt (1%)Latvia: no refinery6.0 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.8 kt (<1%)Sweden (own refineries)381 kt (79%)Finland52 kt (11%)Denmark34 kt (7%)Netherlands9.1 kt (2%)Latvia6.0 kt (1%)Sweden: petrol supply482 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Sweden (own refineries)
- Finland
- Denmark
- Netherlands
- Latvia
- Norway252 kt (est. 52%)
- United States123 kt (est. 26%)
- United Kingdom45 kt (est. 9%)
- Guyana13 kt (est. 3%)
- Nigeria12 kt (est. 2%)
- Denmark8.8 kt (est. 2%)
- Libya7.8 kt (est. 2%)
- Other crude origins6.5 kt (est. 1%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports6.7 kt (1%)
- Latvia: no refinery6.0 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.8 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden (own refineries) | Sweden: petrol supply | 380,612 | 79.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Finland | Sweden: petrol supply | 52,200 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Sweden: petrol supply | 33,824 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden: petrol supply | 9,094 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Latvia | Sweden: petrol supply | 6,040 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Sweden (own refineries) | 203,993 | 53.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden (own refineries) | 104,232 | 27.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden (own refineries) | 42,535 | 11.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Finland | 37,739 | 72.3% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United States | Denmark | 13,530 | 40.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Sweden (own refineries) | 11,166 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden (own refineries) | 10,993 | 2.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark | Finland | 8,755 | 16.8% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Norway | Denmark | 8,290 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden (own refineries) | 7,693 | 2.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's petrol to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark | 6,696 | 19.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Latvia: no refinery | Latvia | 6,040 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Other crude origins | Denmark | 3,581 | 10.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Finland | 3,559 | 6.8% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 2,922 | 32.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Finland | 2,147 | 4.1% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's petrol to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Norway | Netherlands | 1,979 | 21.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,840 | 20.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 1,726 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's petrol to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 891 | 9.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 776 | 8.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 558 | 6.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Netherlands | 96 | 1.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 32 | 0.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's petrol to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Sweden’s supply of petrol in 2026-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Countries without a crude refinery can appear under "Last shipped from": the importing country's statistics record where the fuel arrived from. It was refined elsewhere and either sold on or passed through that country's terminals; the statistics do not say which, or where it was refined.
Dashed crude links rest partly on crude imports estimated from published euro values: a supplier did not publish its crude imports for some months of the window (docs/METHODOLOGY.md section 6.1). Customs basis, INFERRED. Method
Month: 2026-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-02 to 2026-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Denmark: crude not from imports (6,696 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Latvia: no refinery (6,040 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (776 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.