Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, Sweden's road diesel supply was 768 kt: 77% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Denmark (10%) and Finland (10%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (49%), the United States (23%) and the United Kingdom (11%), and 5% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway375 kt (est. 49%)United States179 kt (est. 23%)United Kingdom86 kt (est. 11%)Guyana33 kt (est. 4%)Nigeria15 kt (est. 2%)Brazil15 kt (est. 2%)Libya11 kt (est. 1%)Other crude origins14 kt (est. 2%)Norway: no crude data22 kt (3%)Denmark: crude not from imports19 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.3 kt (<1%)Sweden (own refineries)588 kt (77%)Denmark80 kt (10%)Finland74 kt (10%)Norway22 kt (3%)Netherlands4.8 kt (<1%)Sweden: road diesel supply768 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Sweden (own refineries)
- Denmark
- Finland
- Norway
- Netherlands
- Norway375 kt (est. 49%)
- United States179 kt (est. 23%)
- United Kingdom86 kt (est. 11%)
- Guyana33 kt (est. 4%)
- Nigeria15 kt (est. 2%)
- Brazil15 kt (est. 2%)
- Libya11 kt (est. 1%)
- Other crude origins14 kt (est. 2%)
- Norway: no crude data22 kt (3%)
- Denmark: crude not from imports19 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.3 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sweden (own refineries) | Sweden: road diesel supply | 588,266 | 76.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Denmark | Sweden: road diesel supply | 79,843 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden: road diesel supply | 73,836 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden: road diesel supply | 21,509 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden: road diesel supply | 4,762 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Sweden (own refineries) | 302,341 | 51.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Sweden (own refineries) | 132,363 | 22.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Sweden (own refineries) | 82,907 | 14.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Finland | 55,358 | 75.0% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United States | Denmark | 39,037 | 48.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Sweden (own refineries) | 30,134 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway: no crude data | Norway | 21,509 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Denmark: crude not from imports | Denmark | 18,690 | 23.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Norway | Denmark | 16,610 | 20.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Nigeria | Sweden (own refineries) | 15,321 | 2.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Sweden (own refineries) | 14,643 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Sweden (own refineries) | 10,556 | 1.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Sweden's road diesel to Sweden split by Sweden's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Finland | 9,521 | 12.9% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United States | Finland | 6,073 | 8.2% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Other crude origins | Denmark | 3,248 | 4.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Finland | 2,884 | 3.9% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Sweden split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 2,258 | 2.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Denmark's road diesel to Sweden split by Denmark's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Netherlands | 1,368 | 28.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,168 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 914 | 19.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 407 | 8.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 346 | 7.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Netherlands | 335 | 7.0% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 179 | 3.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Netherlands | 46 | 1.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Netherlands's road diesel to Sweden split by Netherlands's crude-import mix over 2026-03 to 2026-05. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Sweden’s supply of road diesel in 2026-05, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Dashed crude links rest partly on crude imports estimated from published euro values: a supplier did not publish its crude imports for some months of the window (docs/METHODOLOGY.md section 6.1). Customs basis, INFERRED. Method
Month: 2026-05 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-03 to 2026-05.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Norway: no crude data (21,509 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Denmark: crude not from imports (18,690 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (335 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.