Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 37,925 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (16%), Norway (13%) and Kazakhstan (10%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United States6.15 Mt (16%)Norway4.76 Mt (13%)Kazakhstan3.98 Mt (10%)Libya2.88 Mt (8%)Saudi Arabia2.59 Mt (7%)Iraq1.98 Mt (5%)Azerbaijan1.87 Mt (5%)Brazil1.84 Mt (5%)Other origins (25)9.73 Mt (26%)Origin not reported2.15 Mt (6%)Germany6.52 Mt (17%)Spain5.47 Mt (14%)Italy4.58 Mt (12%)Netherlands3.84 Mt (10%)France3.79 Mt (10%)Other EU (16)13.72 Mt (36%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- Spain
- Italy
- Netherlands
- France
- Other EU (16)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Nov 2024)
1.87 million tonnes
5% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Italy805 kt (43%)
- Other EU (16)775 kt (41%)
- Germany203 kt (11%)
and 1 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (25) | Other EU (16) | 2,991,068 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (16) | 2,868,842 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (25) | Spain | 2,477,500 | 45.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (16) | 1,675,274 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (25) | Germany | 1,643,045 | 25.2% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (16) | 1,515,657 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (16) | 1,501,243 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (25) | France | 1,328,000 | 35.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Germany | 1,251,287 | 19.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (16) | 1,227,543 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 1,203,917 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,177,698 | 25.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,169,800 | 30.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 988,000 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 915,120 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (25) | Italy | 834,712 | 18.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Brazil | Spain | 831,624 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 827,110 | 15.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 804,763 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Other EU (16) | 775,217 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 607,800 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 583,283 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 549,270 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (16) | 507,643 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 462,828 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (25) | Netherlands | 452,334 | 11.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 422,270 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 407,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 395,242 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 393,187 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 380,884 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Other EU (16) | 377,456 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 361,801 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 359,000 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 339,388 | 8.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Iraq | Other EU (16) | 283,313 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Italy | 281,859 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 270,603 | 4.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 253,209 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 241,152 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Iraq | France | 234,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 232,252 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 223,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Spain | 207,849 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 203,441 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 182,452 | 3.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 173,779 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 132,000 | 3.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | France | 119,000 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Italy | 99,995 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Spain | 85,161 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 50,254 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 44,521 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.