Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 40,505 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (14%), the United States (13%) and Kazakhstan (11%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Norway5.76 Mt (14%)United States5.11 Mt (13%)Kazakhstan4.36 Mt (11%)Libya3.37 Mt (8%)Iraq3.33 Mt (8%)Nigeria2.38 Mt (6%)Saudi Arabia2.34 Mt (6%)Azerbaijan1.88 Mt (5%)Brazil1.82 Mt (4%)United Kingdom1.56 Mt (4%)Angola1.06 Mt (3%)Algeria1.02 Mt (3%)Other origins outside the EU4.04 Mt (10%)Other EU member states175 kt (<1%)Origin not reported2.30 Mt (6%)Germany7.22 Mt (18%)Spain5.77 Mt (14%)Italy4.68 Mt (12%)Netherlands4.63 Mt (11%)France3.90 Mt (10%)Belgium2.67 Mt (7%)Greece2.17 Mt (5%)Poland2.08 Mt (5%)Sweden1.31 Mt (3%)Portugal885 kt (2%)Lithuania792 kt (2%)Romania764 kt (2%)Austria640 kt (2%)Bulgaria563 kt (1%)Finland514 kt (1%)Slovakia514 kt (1%)Czechia487 kt (1%)Denmark351 kt (<1%)Hungary326 kt (<1%)Ireland164 kt (<1%)Croatia83 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Norway5.76 Mt (14%)
- United States5.11 Mt (13%)
- Kazakhstan4.36 Mt (11%)
- Libya3.37 Mt (8%)
- Iraq3.33 Mt (8%)
- Nigeria2.38 Mt (6%)
- Saudi Arabia2.34 Mt (6%)
- Azerbaijan1.88 Mt (5%)
- Brazil1.82 Mt (4%)
- United Kingdom1.56 Mt (4%)
- Angola1.06 Mt (3%)
- Algeria1.02 Mt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU4.04 Mt (10%)
- Other EU member states175 kt (<1%)
- Origin not reported2.30 Mt (6%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total crude oil imports reported (Aug 2024)
7.22 million tonnes
18% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top origin countries
- Norway1.44 Mt (20%)
- United States1.18 Mt (16%)
- Kazakhstan860 kt (12%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Germany | 1,437,610 | 19.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 1,394,563 | 24.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Germany | 1,183,172 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,057,450 | 22.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,014,450 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 936,343 | 45.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 917,964 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 909,950 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 860,429 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Greece | 845,116 | 38.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 836,000 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 825,926 | 63.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 779,992 | 37.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 776,694 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 775,199 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Spain | 746,544 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 722,500 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 683,164 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 660,513 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 650,498 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 600,937 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | France | 582,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Bulgaria | 563,363 | 100.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Angola | Spain | 546,369 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 532,266 | 24.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 531,744 | 11.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Finland | 514,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 509,842 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 496,000 | 12.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovakia | 483,695 | 94.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Nigeria | France | 477,000 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Romania | 476,000 | 62.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 443,571 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 440,762 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 414,481 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 413,526 | 5.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Libya | Spain | 412,175 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 411,600 | 52.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 406,813 | 7.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | France | 401,000 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 396,878 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 389,206 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 386,200 | 14.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 369,542 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 362,484 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 348,560 | 7.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 339,168 | 53.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 328,500 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 328,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 311,000 | 11.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 308,269 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 289,340 | 4.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Brazil | Belgium | 282,300 | 10.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 274,641 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Portugal | 273,567 | 30.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 269,000 | 82.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Denmark | 269,000 | 76.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | France | 267,000 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 265,883 | 5.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Nigeria | Belgium | 247,100 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia | 238,000 | 48.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 230,119 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Portugal | 227,601 | 25.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 217,155 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 216,157 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 206,000 | 27.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Lithuania | 198,300 | 25.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 191,152 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 184,314 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Poland | 181,188 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Netherlands | 175,842 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 173,900 | 6.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Nigeria | Germany | 167,938 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Ireland | 164,047 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Sweden | 162,155 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Sweden | 148,818 | 11.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Greece | 147,205 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Sweden | 145,700 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 143,111 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Spain | 142,358 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 140,995 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Portugal | 140,487 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Portugal | 136,389 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 133,000 | 3.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | Austria | 112,497 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Czechia | 112,000 | 23.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Portugal | 107,373 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Belgium | 98,200 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 96,962 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Lithuania | 94,800 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 92,000 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 90,000 | 2.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Azerbaijan | France | 89,000 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Lithuania | 87,200 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 87,000 | 17.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 86,446 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Croatia | 83,283 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 81,898 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Romania | 80,000 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 79,410 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 70,000 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Belgium | 66,500 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 64,742 | 0.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Brazil | Italy | 64,299 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 60,447 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 57,453 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Iraq | Austria | 56,736 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 51,000 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 43,000 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 38,000 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 35,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Austria | 34,393 | 5.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Czechia | 32,000 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Slovakia | 30,010 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 29,000 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 28,000 | 8.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Italy | 24,359 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 24,079 | 1.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Czechia | 18,000 | 3.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Romania | 2,000 | 0.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.