Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 39,174 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (14%), Norway (14%) and Kazakhstan (12%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United States5.65 Mt (14%)Norway5.50 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan4.68 Mt (12%)Saudi Arabia3.65 Mt (9%)Libya3.47 Mt (9%)Other origins (30)13.79 Mt (35%)Origin not reported2.43 Mt (6%)Germany7.04 Mt (18%)Spain6.15 Mt (16%)Italy4.85 Mt (12%)France3.31 Mt (8%)Netherlands3.25 Mt (8%)Belgium2.58 Mt (7%)Poland2.28 Mt (6%)Greece2.01 Mt (5%)Other EU (13)7.71 Mt (20%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (30) | Spain | 3,627,086 | 59.0% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Other EU (13) | 2,813,036 | — | Summed by usSum of 11 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Italy | 1,841,069 | 38.0% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (13) | 1,644,062 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Germany | 1,629,679 | 23.2% | Summed by usSum of 9 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | France | 1,371,000 | 41.4% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 1,357,825 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,267,293 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,223,682 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 1,208,882 | 53.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,021,988 | 21.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 974,275 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Netherlands | 941,956 | 29.0% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Belgium | 940,000 | 36.4% | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (13) | 939,187 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Poland | 885,546 | 38.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (13) | 885,058 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 832,799 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 727,173 | 10.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Netherlands | 715,998 | 22.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 705,000 | 21.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 655,742 | 32.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 654,885 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (13) | 647,406 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Greece | 626,968 | 31.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 564,248 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 537,816 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 494,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (13) | 448,444 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 444,419 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 434,000 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 432,100 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 419,500 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 406,677 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 384,527 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 367,292 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 361,211 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 358,850 | 11.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Italy | 342,146 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (13) | 334,327 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 331,300 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 317,198 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 314,000 | 12.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 282,863 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Italy | 271,139 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 233,608 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 215,000 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 187,888 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 175,581 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 143,100 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 140,140 | 2.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 95,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.