Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 39,174 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (14%), Norway (14%) and Kazakhstan (12%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States5.65 Mt (14%)Norway5.50 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan4.68 Mt (12%)Saudi Arabia3.65 Mt (9%)Libya3.47 Mt (9%)Brazil2.27 Mt (6%)Iraq2.18 Mt (6%)Nigeria1.62 Mt (4%)Azerbaijan1.47 Mt (4%)United Kingdom1.31 Mt (3%)Algeria1.19 Mt (3%)Angola876 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU2.73 Mt (7%)Other EU member states149 kt (<1%)Origin not reported2.43 Mt (6%)Germany7.04 Mt (18%)Spain6.15 Mt (16%)Italy4.85 Mt (12%)France3.31 Mt (8%)Netherlands3.25 Mt (8%)Belgium2.58 Mt (7%)Poland2.28 Mt (6%)Greece2.01 Mt (5%)Sweden1.61 Mt (4%)Portugal1.19 Mt (3%)Lithuania855 kt (2%)Bulgaria599 kt (2%)Austria577 kt (1%)Denmark483 kt (1%)Slovakia451 kt (1%)Hungary440 kt (1%)Romania408 kt (1%)Ireland312 kt (<1%)Czechia304 kt (<1%)Finland303 kt (<1%)Croatia179 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United States5.65 Mt (14%)
- Norway5.50 Mt (14%)
- Kazakhstan4.68 Mt (12%)
- Saudi Arabia3.65 Mt (9%)
- Libya3.47 Mt (9%)
- Brazil2.27 Mt (6%)
- Iraq2.18 Mt (6%)
- Nigeria1.62 Mt (4%)
- Azerbaijan1.47 Mt (4%)
- United Kingdom1.31 Mt (3%)
- Algeria1.19 Mt (3%)
- Angola876 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU2.73 Mt (7%)
- Other EU member states149 kt (<1%)
- Origin not reported2.43 Mt (6%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Apr 2024)
3.47 million tonnes
9% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Italy1.02 Mt (29%)
- Greece656 kt (19%)
- Germany655 kt (19%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Germany | 1,357,825 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,267,293 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,223,682 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 1,208,882 | 53.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,021,988 | 21.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Spain | 980,594 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 974,275 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 885,546 | 38.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 855,751 | 13.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 832,799 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 816,750 | 50.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 810,885 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 727,173 | 10.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Netherlands | 715,998 | 22.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 705,000 | 21.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 655,742 | 32.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 654,885 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Spain | 606,097 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Bulgaria | 598,727 | 100.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Nigeria | France | 570,000 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 564,248 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 562,665 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Greece | 559,221 | 27.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 538,472 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 537,816 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Portugal | 536,466 | 45.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 494,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 492,242 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovakia | 450,753 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 444,419 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 444,200 | 17.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Libya | France | 434,000 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 432,100 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 419,500 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 419,403 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 406,677 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 384,527 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 367,292 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 361,211 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 358,850 | 11.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Iraq | Spain | 344,556 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 342,146 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 335,360 | 20.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 332,406 | 57.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 331,300 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 317,198 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 314,000 | 12.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Ireland | 311,803 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 307,400 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Lithuania | 288,600 | 33.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 282,863 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 282,000 | 64.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 279,555 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | France | 279,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Italy | 271,139 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 269,631 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | France | 265,000 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 260,674 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia | 252,000 | 82.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 249,772 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 242,561 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 240,060 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 233,608 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 231,000 | 47.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 215,000 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Finland | 210,000 | 69.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 187,888 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Italy | 180,641 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Denmark | 180,000 | 37.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Croatia | 178,600 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 175,581 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Germany | 173,496 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Romania | 173,000 | 42.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 165,048 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Lithuania | 160,500 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Sweden | 155,947 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Belgium | 153,500 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Belgium | 148,700 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Romania | 146,000 | 35.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 143,100 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 141,044 | 24.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Sweden | 140,331 | 8.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 140,140 | 2.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 137,726 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Nigeria | Portugal | 133,712 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | France | 132,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Portugal | 122,959 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Portugal | 112,024 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Belgium | 111,900 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 99,000 | 22.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Lithuania | 98,800 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Portugal | 97,712 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 95,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Portugal | 94,709 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Finland | 93,000 | 30.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 92,528 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 90,000 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 89,965 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Portugal | 89,907 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Romania | 89,000 | 21.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Austria | 83,671 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 72,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 67,747 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 59,055 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 59,000 | 13.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Germany | 54,500 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 44,200 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 43,000 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 35,000 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Belgium | 33,300 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 31,740 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 30,711 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Brazil | Germany | 21,894 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Austria | 19,893 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 13,913 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Czechia | 9,000 | 3.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Angola | Belgium | 4,000 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.