Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 40,505 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (14%), the United States (13%) and Kazakhstan (11%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Norway5.76 Mt (14%)United States5.11 Mt (13%)Kazakhstan4.36 Mt (11%)Libya3.37 Mt (8%)Iraq3.33 Mt (8%)Nigeria2.38 Mt (6%)Saudi Arabia2.34 Mt (6%)Azerbaijan1.88 Mt (5%)Other origins (24)9.67 Mt (24%)Origin not reported2.30 Mt (6%)Germany7.22 Mt (18%)Spain5.77 Mt (14%)Italy4.68 Mt (12%)Netherlands4.63 Mt (11%)France3.90 Mt (10%)Other EU (16)14.31 Mt (35%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- Spain
- Italy
- Netherlands
- France
- Other EU (16)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Aug 2024)
3.37 million tonnes
8% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Italy1.06 Mt (31%)
- Other EU (16)798 kt (24%)
- Germany777 kt (23%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Other EU (16) | 3,257,923 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | Spain | 2,962,084 | 51.4% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | Other EU (16) | 2,512,914 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (16) | 1,791,934 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (16) | 1,588,016 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Germany | 1,437,610 | 19.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 1,183,172 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Netherlands | 1,173,751 | 25.4% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | Germany | 1,168,249 | 16.2% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (16) | 1,130,534 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (16) | 1,119,381 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Italy | 1,057,450 | 22.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,014,450 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Other EU (16) | 1,000,052 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (24) | France | 945,000 | 24.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Spain | 917,964 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 909,950 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (24) | Italy | 905,572 | 19.4% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 860,429 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 836,000 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (16) | 798,223 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Germany | 776,694 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 775,199 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 683,164 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 660,513 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 650,498 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | France | 582,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Other EU (16) | 579,294 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Nigeria | Other EU (16) | 533,287 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 509,842 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 477,000 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 440,762 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 414,481 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 412,175 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 406,813 | 7.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | France | 401,000 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 396,878 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 389,206 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 348,560 | 7.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | France | 328,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 308,269 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 289,340 | 4.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 274,641 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 216,157 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 191,152 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Germany | 167,938 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Spain | 142,358 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 140,995 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 133,000 | 3.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Azerbaijan | France | 89,000 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 86,446 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 70,000 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 35,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 24,359 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.