Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 39,216 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (15%), Kazakhstan (12%) and Norway (12%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United States5.78 Mt (15%)Kazakhstan4.81 Mt (12%)Norway4.70 Mt (12%)Saudi Arabia3.86 Mt (10%)Libya2.80 Mt (7%)Other origins (29)14.76 Mt (38%)Origin not reported2.51 Mt (6%)Germany7.52 Mt (19%)Spain5.06 Mt (13%)Italy4.79 Mt (12%)Netherlands3.88 Mt (10%)France3.71 Mt (9%)Belgium2.63 Mt (7%)Greece2.49 Mt (6%)Poland1.92 Mt (5%)Other EU (13)7.21 Mt (18%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Mar 2024)
4.70 million tonnes
12% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Other EU (13)1.86 Mt (40%)
- Germany1.15 Mt (25%)
- Poland430 kt (9%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (29) | Spain | 3,012,342 | 59.5% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Other EU (13) | 2,859,200 | — | Summed by usSum of 10 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Germany | 2,503,355 | 33.3% | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | Italy | 2,054,976 | 42.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (13) | 1,860,805 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (29) | France | 1,420,000 | 38.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 1,341,719 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,210,301 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 1,200,000 | 62.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Netherlands | 1,169,962 | 30.1% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Germany | 1,152,590 | 15.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,002,851 | 20.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Greece | 907,588 | 36.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 901,451 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (29) | Belgium | 829,000 | 31.6% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Spain | 815,202 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 770,809 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (13) | 745,063 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (13) | 699,109 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 679,115 | 9.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | Germany | 665,385 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 643,059 | 25.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 628,000 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 617,000 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (13) | 552,475 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 490,000 | 18.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 487,434 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 457,765 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 430,000 | 22.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 409,400 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 404,800 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 390,515 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 377,000 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 342,569 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 334,491 | 8.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | Spain | 321,809 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 320,423 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 316,000 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 310,242 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (13) | 308,500 | 52.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 308,076 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 287,100 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 280,380 | 5.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 277,794 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Greece | 249,258 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 241,239 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 234,874 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 206,400 | 7.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Poland | 190,000 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (13) | 189,111 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | France | 189,000 | 5.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 161,000 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Greece | 136,912 | 5.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 134,842 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | Poland | 100,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 88,121 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.