Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 40,421 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (18%), Norway (15%) and Kazakhstan (10%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 4% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United States7.08 Mt (18%)Norway5.92 Mt (15%)Kazakhstan3.84 Mt (10%)Nigeria3.22 Mt (8%)Libya3.10 Mt (8%)Other origins (27)15.51 Mt (38%)Origin not reported1.74 Mt (4%)Germany6.85 Mt (17%)Spain6.24 Mt (15%)Italy5.12 Mt (13%)Netherlands4.21 Mt (10%)France2.94 Mt (7%)Belgium2.71 Mt (7%)Greece2.22 Mt (5%)Poland1.90 Mt (5%)Other EU (12)8.24 Mt (20%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Jan 2024)
1.74 million tonnes
4% of reported EU crude oil imports
Unknown
Top destination countries
- Other EU (12)584 kt (34%)
- Germany423 kt (24%)
- Netherlands215 kt (12%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (27) | Spain | 3,854,146 | 61.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Other EU (12) | 2,809,483 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (12) | 2,254,562 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Germany | 1,945,758 | 28.4% | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Italy | 1,864,289 | 36.4% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Netherlands | 1,536,654 | 36.5% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 1,435,356 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,409,323 | 20.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,259,643 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,139,381 | 22.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (12) | 1,045,370 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | France | 978,000 | 33.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Spain | 915,510 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (12) | 871,430 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Greece | 865,832 | 39.1% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Belgium | 845,100 | 31.2% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 825,996 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Poland | 810,000 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 791,000 | 26.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 764,583 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 737,208 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 710,035 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 666,000 | 24.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 627,729 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 625,711 | 28.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (12) | 584,255 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 556,647 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 510,000 | 26.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 488,000 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Other EU (12) | 482,059 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 464,747 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 452,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 449,209 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 432,943 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 423,179 | 6.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | Spain | 411,682 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Poland | 380,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 295,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 286,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Belgium | 276,600 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 270,622 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 239,200 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Italy | 223,623 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 215,358 | 5.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Poland | 200,000 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 192,500 | 7.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | Other EU (12) | 190,034 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Nigeria | Germany | 183,434 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Greece | 140,215 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 138,123 | 2.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Greece | 135,573 | 6.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | France | 80,000 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 78,134 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 54,000 | 1.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-24 07:37 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.