Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 40,830 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (18%), the United States (14%) and Kazakhstan (13%), and 1% came from other EU member states, with 3% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Norway7.22 Mt (18%)United States5.66 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan5.49 Mt (13%)Libya3.40 Mt (8%)Saudi Arabia2.62 Mt (6%)Other origins (31)15.37 Mt (38%)Origin not reported1.06 Mt (3%)Germany6.33 Mt (16%)Spain5.56 Mt (14%)Italy5.42 Mt (13%)Netherlands4.68 Mt (11%)France4.38 Mt (11%)Belgium2.70 Mt (7%)Poland1.89 Mt (5%)Greece1.82 Mt (4%)Other EU (13)8.04 Mt (20%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (31) | Spain | 3,264,332 | 58.8% | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Germany | 2,687,337 | 42.4% | Summed by usSum of 9 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Other EU (13) | 2,551,645 | — | Summed by usSum of 12 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Italy | 2,183,161 | 40.3% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (13) | 2,091,648 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | France | 1,755,000 | 40.0% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Netherlands | 1,710,376 | 36.6% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Italy | 1,342,372 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 1,190,623 | 25.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (13) | 1,146,677 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Germany | 1,111,350 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 1,109,200 | 41.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,063,148 | 16.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 954,000 | 21.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 917,495 | 48.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 885,725 | 46.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 852,883 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Belgium | 850,500 | 31.5% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | France | 834,000 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 828,851 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (13) | 820,180 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 767,539 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 720,010 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 648,880 | 11.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 607,716 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 574,553 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (13) | 547,499 | 100.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 525,593 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 524,626 | 28.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (13) | 483,734 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Germany | 448,805 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 426,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 412,195 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (13) | 400,526 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 385,833 | 8.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 381,800 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Greece | 368,283 | 20.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Libya | Greece | 313,148 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 282,700 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Greece | 247,328 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 231,622 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 213,000 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 189,941 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Greece | 180,553 | 9.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 167,699 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 126,000 | 2.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Italy | 105,774 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Netherlands | 98,131 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 89,931 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 76,000 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Belgium | 71,300 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 56,723 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Belgium | 6,100 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-24 07:37 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.