Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 39,174 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (14%), Norway (14%) and Kazakhstan (12%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 6% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United States5.65 Mt (14%)Norway5.50 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan4.68 Mt (12%)Saudi Arabia3.65 Mt (9%)Libya3.47 Mt (9%)Brazil2.27 Mt (6%)Iraq2.18 Mt (6%)Nigeria1.62 Mt (4%)Other origins (27)7.72 Mt (20%)Origin not reported2.43 Mt (6%)Germany7.04 Mt (18%)Spain6.15 Mt (16%)Italy4.85 Mt (12%)France3.31 Mt (8%)Netherlands3.25 Mt (8%)Other EU (16)14.58 Mt (37%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- Spain
- Italy
- France
- Netherlands
- Other EU (16)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Apr 2024)
3.65 million tonnes
9% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Other EU (16)2.12 Mt (58%)
- Italy538 kt (15%)
- Spain444 kt (12%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Other EU (16) | 2,949,108 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Other EU (16) | 2,736,505 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (16) | 2,117,624 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Spain | 2,059,375 | 33.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (16) | 1,559,175 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (16) | 1,385,383 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 1,357,825 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,267,293 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,223,682 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (16) | 1,199,058 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Italy | 1,021,988 | 21.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (16) | 990,069 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Brazil | Spain | 980,594 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Italy | 980,351 | 20.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Spain | 974,275 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Germany | 942,047 | 13.4% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 832,799 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 727,173 | 10.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Netherlands | 715,998 | 22.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 705,000 | 21.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Other EU (16) | 689,966 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Iraq | Other EU (16) | 671,121 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | France | 669,000 | 20.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Germany | 654,885 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 570,000 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 564,248 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 537,816 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 494,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 492,242 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 444,419 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 434,000 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 419,403 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 384,527 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 367,292 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 361,211 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 358,850 | 11.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Iraq | Spain | 344,556 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 342,146 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Netherlands | 332,588 | 10.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 282,863 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Other EU (16) | 282,412 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Italy | 271,139 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 269,631 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 260,674 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 249,772 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 242,561 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 233,608 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 215,000 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Italy | 180,641 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 175,581 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Germany | 173,496 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 140,140 | 2.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Brazil | France | 132,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 95,000 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 89,965 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 21,894 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.