Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 41,766 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (14%), Norway (14%) and Kazakhstan (11%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 5% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States6.05 Mt (14%)Norway5.66 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan4.62 Mt (11%)Libya3.61 Mt (9%)Saudi Arabia2.83 Mt (7%)Iraq2.82 Mt (7%)Brazil2.32 Mt (6%)Nigeria2.26 Mt (5%)Azerbaijan2.15 Mt (5%)United Kingdom2.13 Mt (5%)Algeria1.11 Mt (3%)Russia1.06 Mt (3%)Other origins outside the EU2.95 Mt (7%)Other EU member states86 kt (<1%)Origin not reported2.11 Mt (5%)Germany7.34 Mt (18%)Italy5.20 Mt (12%)Spain4.95 Mt (12%)Netherlands4.37 Mt (10%)France4.12 Mt (10%)Belgium2.60 Mt (6%)Greece2.13 Mt (5%)Poland2.06 Mt (5%)Sweden1.58 Mt (4%)Portugal993 kt (2%)Finland904 kt (2%)Lithuania884 kt (2%)Romania869 kt (2%)Austria765 kt (2%)Czechia691 kt (2%)Bulgaria587 kt (1%)Hungary527 kt (1%)Denmark445 kt (1%)Slovakia408 kt (<1%)Croatia173 kt (<1%)Ireland166 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United States6.05 Mt (14%)
- Norway5.66 Mt (14%)
- Kazakhstan4.62 Mt (11%)
- Libya3.61 Mt (9%)
- Saudi Arabia2.83 Mt (7%)
- Iraq2.82 Mt (7%)
- Brazil2.32 Mt (6%)
- Nigeria2.26 Mt (5%)
- Azerbaijan2.15 Mt (5%)
- United Kingdom2.13 Mt (5%)
- Algeria1.11 Mt (3%)
- Russia1.06 Mt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU2.95 Mt (7%)
- Other EU member states86 kt (<1%)
- Origin not reported2.11 Mt (5%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total crude oil imports reported (Jul 2024)
4.95 million tonnes
12% of reported EU crude oil imports
Official
Top origin countries
- Other origins outside the EU1.37 Mt (28%)
- Brazil775 kt (16%)
- Nigeria771 kt (16%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 1,365,697 | 27.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 1,146,704 | 22.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,139,827 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 1,135,445 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 1,128,304 | 54.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 1,098,381 | 15.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,092,090 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 939,557 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 900,120 | 56.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 863,000 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 844,585 | 16.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Greece | 842,127 | 39.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 809,496 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 790,745 | 18.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Spain | 774,525 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 770,731 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 696,575 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 659,634 | 15.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Finland | 659,000 | 72.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 636,248 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 635,985 | 29.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 619,121 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Bulgaria | 586,756 | 100.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Belgium | 571,200 | 22.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 514,006 | 25.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 502,428 | 6.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 492,000 | 12.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kazakhstan | Romania | 489,000 | 56.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 484,000 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 467,900 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 442,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Hungary | 436,000 | 82.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 430,000 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 422,220 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 417,353 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 409,586 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | France | 401,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 398,811 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 396,160 | 51.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 390,000 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 381,001 | 5.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 358,500 | 13.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Slovakia | 355,820 | 87.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Denmark | 353,000 | 79.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 340,567 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 327,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 326,408 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Portugal | 325,156 | 32.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Germany | 319,332 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 308,416 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 303,960 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 303,400 | 34.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Lithuania | 287,500 | 32.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Spain | 286,746 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 280,100 | 10.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 278,894 | 5.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Nigeria | Italy | 278,796 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Czechia | 273,000 | 39.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 271,495 | 6.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 255,428 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Belgium | 254,600 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 244,406 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 234,222 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 231,663 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia | 231,000 | 33.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Germany | 228,844 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 228,271 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Portugal | 222,145 | 22.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 221,400 | 8.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Lithuania | 196,800 | 22.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Poland | 190,411 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Croatia | 172,770 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Portugal | 172,708 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Ireland | 166,059 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Austria | 159,775 | 20.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Belgium | 157,500 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 148,700 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Greece | 147,015 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 145,396 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 142,840 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Sweden | 140,038 | 8.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Brazil | Italy | 138,775 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 138,688 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Portugal | 137,091 | 13.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 137,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Poland | 136,122 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Finland | 136,000 | 15.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Portugal | 135,590 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Romania | 135,000 | 15.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Sweden | 130,385 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Belgium | 128,300 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 126,991 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Finland | 109,000 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 103,108 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Sweden | 97,927 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Lithuania | 96,300 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 93,750 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 92,000 | 20.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 91,000 | 17.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Spain | 89,816 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 89,774 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Romania | 89,000 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 88,978 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 88,647 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Netherlands | 88,162 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Austria | 87,622 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Romania | 84,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Sweden | 81,378 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 81,000 | 2.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 76,000 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Czechia | 71,000 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | France | 70,000 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 64,302 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 60,558 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 58,000 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 55,748 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Spain | 54,978 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Czechia | 40,000 | 5.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Austria | 37,917 | 5.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 30,301 | 7.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Azerbaijan | Slovakia | 21,629 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 19,201 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Romania | 14,000 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Belgium | 10,900 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.