Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 40,421 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (18%), Norway (15%) and Kazakhstan (10%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 4% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States7.08 Mt (18%)Norway5.92 Mt (15%)Kazakhstan3.84 Mt (10%)Nigeria3.22 Mt (8%)Libya3.10 Mt (8%)United Kingdom2.07 Mt (5%)Angola2.06 Mt (5%)Saudi Arabia1.90 Mt (5%)Iraq1.77 Mt (4%)Brazil1.75 Mt (4%)Algeria1.34 Mt (3%)Russia1.18 Mt (3%)Mexico1.07 Mt (3%)Azerbaijan674 kt (2%)Canada346 kt (<1%)Other origins outside the EU1.19 Mt (3%)Other EU member states151 kt (<1%)Origin not reported1.74 Mt (4%)Germany6.85 Mt (17%)Spain6.24 Mt (15%)Italy5.12 Mt (13%)Netherlands4.21 Mt (10%)France2.94 Mt (7%)Belgium2.71 Mt (7%)Greece2.22 Mt (5%)Poland1.90 Mt (5%)Sweden1.60 Mt (4%)Portugal870 kt (2%)Lithuania861 kt (2%)Finland796 kt (2%)Romania727 kt (2%)Austria634 kt (2%)Czechia623 kt (2%)Hungary544 kt (1%)Bulgaria489 kt (1%)Slovakia441 kt (1%)Denmark419 kt (1%)Ireland237 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United States7.08 Mt (18%)
- Norway5.92 Mt (15%)
- Kazakhstan3.84 Mt (10%)
- Nigeria3.22 Mt (8%)
- Libya3.10 Mt (8%)
- United Kingdom2.07 Mt (5%)
- Angola2.06 Mt (5%)
- Saudi Arabia1.90 Mt (5%)
- Iraq1.77 Mt (4%)
- Brazil1.75 Mt (4%)
- Algeria1.34 Mt (3%)
- Russia1.18 Mt (3%)
- Mexico1.07 Mt (3%)
- Azerbaijan674 kt (2%)
- Canada346 kt (<1%)
- Other origins outside the EU1.19 Mt (3%)
- Other EU member states151 kt (<1%)
- Origin not reported1.74 Mt (4%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Germany | 1,435,356 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,409,323 | 20.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,259,643 | 29.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 1,139,381 | 22.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Spain | 1,014,697 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Mexico | Spain | 918,196 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 915,510 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 825,996 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 810,444 | 50.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 810,000 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 791,000 | 26.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 764,583 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 737,208 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Greece | 719,415 | 32.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 710,035 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Finland | 704,000 | 88.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 674,381 | 13.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Spain | 669,525 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 666,000 | 24.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 629,020 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 627,729 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 625,711 | 28.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 556,647 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Poland | 510,000 | 26.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 503,633 | 8.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Bulgaria | 488,951 | 100.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Belgium | 488,000 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Hungary | 485,000 | 89.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 478,500 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 464,747 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 452,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Greece | 449,209 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 446,322 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Romania | 446,000 | 61.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 432,943 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 423,179 | 6.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Libya | Spain | 411,682 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Slovakia | 405,000 | 91.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Poland | 380,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | France | 375,000 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Germany | 358,722 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 335,178 | 4.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Sweden | 324,934 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 307,733 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 295,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Czechia | 293,000 | 47.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Lithuania | 290,500 | 33.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Denmark | 288,000 | 68.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 287,000 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 286,055 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 286,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Belgium | 276,600 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Portugal | 273,182 | 31.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 270,622 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 264,430 | 41.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Belgium | 263,200 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Portugal | 262,673 | 30.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 252,023 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 250,000 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Germany | 248,909 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 246,700 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 239,200 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Ireland | 236,968 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Netherlands | 230,906 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 225,892 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Italy | 223,623 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 220,138 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 215,358 | 5.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Nigeria | Sweden | 208,877 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Czechia | 208,000 | 33.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 203,600 | 23.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 202,234 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Romania | 202,000 | 27.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 200,000 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 192,500 | 7.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Lithuania | 184,300 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Germany | 183,434 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 161,878 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 159,177 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Canada | Spain | 148,864 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Italy | 144,671 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 142,809 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Greece | 140,215 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 138,123 | 2.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Origin not reported | Greece | 135,573 | 6.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Algeria | Portugal | 134,788 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 131,000 | 31.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Angola | Portugal | 129,330 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 122,000 | 19.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Austria | 111,034 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 99,700 | 3.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Canada | Germany | 98,991 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Canada | Belgium | 98,000 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Austria | 95,304 | 15.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Algeria | Lithuania | 93,700 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Finland | 92,000 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 89,264 | 1.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Lithuania | 88,600 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Mexico | Germany | 87,412 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 86,707 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 85,764 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 85,416 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Italy | 80,998 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 80,000 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Romania | 79,000 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 78,134 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Belgium | 70,400 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Portugal | 69,962 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | France | 66,000 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Belgium | 65,900 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Mexico | Italy | 62,509 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 60,653 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 54,000 | 1.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Austria | 46,656 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Austria | 45,075 | 7.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 40,437 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 39,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 36,222 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 32,817 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 24,296 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 22,951 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 20,000 | 3.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 15,365 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Austria | 14,970 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Austria | 11,168 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Austria | 6,921 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.