Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 41,766 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (14%), Norway (14%) and Kazakhstan (11%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 5% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
United States6.05 Mt (14%)Norway5.66 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan4.62 Mt (11%)Libya3.61 Mt (9%)Saudi Arabia2.83 Mt (7%)Iraq2.82 Mt (7%)Brazil2.32 Mt (6%)Nigeria2.26 Mt (5%)Other origins (26)9.50 Mt (23%)Origin not reported2.11 Mt (5%)Germany7.34 Mt (18%)Italy5.20 Mt (12%)Spain4.95 Mt (12%)Netherlands4.37 Mt (10%)France4.12 Mt (10%)Other EU (16)15.78 Mt (38%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- Italy
- Spain
- Netherlands
- France
- Other EU (16)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (26) | Other EU (16) | 3,296,714 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (16) | 3,234,549 | — | Summed by usSum of 10 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (16) | 2,182,767 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Spain | 1,721,192 | 34.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (16) | 1,650,512 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (16) | 1,638,846 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Italy | 1,617,353 | 31.1% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Germany | 1,530,112 | 20.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (16) | 1,259,194 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Libya | Italy | 1,139,827 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 1,135,445 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Germany | 1,098,381 | 15.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 1,092,090 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Other EU (16) | 1,058,049 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Netherlands | 939,557 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | France | 922,000 | 22.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | France | 863,000 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 844,585 | 16.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 809,496 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 790,745 | 18.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Spain | 774,525 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Spain | 770,731 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 696,575 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 659,634 | 15.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Other EU (16) | 629,113 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Spain | 619,121 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Other EU (16) | 579,756 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 502,428 | 6.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | France | 484,000 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 442,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 422,220 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 417,353 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Netherlands | 409,586 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | France | 401,000 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 398,811 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 390,000 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 340,567 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | France | 327,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 326,408 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Germany | 319,332 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 308,416 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Spain | 286,746 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Italy | 278,796 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 271,495 | 6.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 255,428 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | Other EU (16) | 255,427 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Nigeria | Netherlands | 244,406 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 231,663 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 145,396 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Italy | 138,775 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 137,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 93,750 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 89,774 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Netherlands | 88,162 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 81,000 | 2.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Brazil | France | 70,000 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Spain | 54,978 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.