Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 38,785 kt of crude oil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (14%), the United States (14%) and Kazakhstan (11%), and less than 1% came from other EU member states, with 7% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Norway5.62 Mt (14%)United States5.53 Mt (14%)Kazakhstan4.25 Mt (11%)Iraq2.87 Mt (7%)Saudi Arabia2.81 Mt (7%)Azerbaijan2.04 Mt (5%)United Kingdom1.97 Mt (5%)Brazil1.70 Mt (4%)Other origins (26)9.41 Mt (24%)Origin not reported2.58 Mt (7%)Germany6.98 Mt (18%)Spain4.96 Mt (13%)Italy4.33 Mt (11%)France4.29 Mt (11%)Netherlands3.85 Mt (10%)Other EU (15)14.37 Mt (37%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- Spain
- Italy
- France
- Netherlands
- Other EU (15)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (26) | Other EU (15) | 2,695,576 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Spain | 2,579,886 | 52.0% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Other EU (15) | 2,557,971 | — | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (15) | 1,854,385 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Norway | Germany | 1,803,429 | 25.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (15) | 1,585,768 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Other EU (15) | 1,428,347 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | France | 1,346,000 | 31.3% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Italy | 1,308,847 | 30.3% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Germany | 1,202,254 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Other EU (15) | 1,157,195 | — | Summed by usSum of 8 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Germany | 1,153,030 | 16.5% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 1,097,157 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 1,069,000 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,065,142 | 27.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Other EU (15) | 927,123 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 896,676 | 20.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Azerbaijan | Other EU (15) | 893,740 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Brazil | Spain | 759,574 | 15.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 722,436 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 720,466 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 706,521 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 689,203 | 17.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (15) | 676,209 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Brazil | Other EU (15) | 595,932 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Iraq | France | 569,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | France | 534,000 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 483,370 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Netherlands | 452,365 | 11.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Germany | 404,236 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 399,630 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 387,000 | 9.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Iraq | Italy | 384,530 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Netherlands | 326,536 | 8.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Italy | 318,109 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 307,922 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kazakhstan | Netherlands | 307,791 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Netherlands | 302,969 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Germany | 293,991 | 4.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Azerbaijan | Germany | 249,438 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Netherlands | 225,843 | 5.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 222,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 207,145 | 4.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kazakhstan | Spain | 157,989 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 140,749 | 3.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Iraq | Spain | 135,259 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 131,000 | 3.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Norway | Spain | 94,098 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Italy | 90,947 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 64,837 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Brazil | Germany | 45,481 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 36,000 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 21,386 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:21 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the crude oil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Cyprus, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.