Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 2,969 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were Algeria (10%) and the United Kingdom (9%), and 72% came from other EU member states.
Feb 2025
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
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Country it was last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Feb 2025)
307.1 thousand tonnes
10% of reported EU naphtha imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Netherlands174 kt (57%)
- Belgium87 kt (28%)
- France37 kt (12%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (15) | Netherlands | 709,592 | 42.1% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 491,647 | 29.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 311,759 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 294,665 | 61.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 174,301 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (15) | Germany | 122,689 | 25.4% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (15) | Belgium | 114,500 | 38.5% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Belgium | 86,800 | 29.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (15) | France | 76,000 | 39.8% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (15) | Greece | 66,766 | 56.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 61,270 | 87.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 58,000 | 30.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 54,031 | 92.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Belgium | 52,500 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Greece | 51,552 | 43.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 46,861 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 43,600 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 37,000 | 19.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (15) | Finland | 22,000 | 64.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Algeria | Germany | 17,893 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (3) | 16,010 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 15,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (15) | Other EU (3) | 12,827 | 48.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Finland | 12,000 | 35.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 8,973 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (15) | Italy | 4,611 | 7.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 4,000 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (3) | 1,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the naphtha was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-02 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.