Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2025, Slovenia's road diesel supply was 269 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Italy (49%), Greece (30%) and Saudi Arabia (20%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Libya (17%), Iraq (13%) and Kazakhstan (11%), and 25% cannot be traced.
Country
Libya46 kt (est. 17%)Iraq36 kt (est. 13%)Kazakhstan29 kt (est. 11%)Azerbaijan24 kt (est. 9%)United States17 kt (est. 6%)Saudi Arabia16 kt (est. 6%)Nigeria9.0 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins26 kt (est. 10%)Saudi Arabia: no crude data55 kt (20%)Italy: crude not from imports9.7 kt (4%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported1.8 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.2 kt (<1%)Italy132 kt (49%)Greece80 kt (30%)Saudi Arabia55 kt (20%)Austria1.0 kt (<1%)Hungary1.0 kt (<1%)Slovenia: road diesel supply269 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Italy
- Greece
- Saudi Arabia
- Austria
- Hungary
- Libya46 kt (est. 17%)
- Iraq36 kt (est. 13%)
- Kazakhstan29 kt (est. 11%)
- Azerbaijan24 kt (est. 9%)
- United States17 kt (est. 6%)
- Saudi Arabia16 kt (est. 6%)
- Nigeria9.0 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins26 kt (est. 10%)
- Saudi Arabia: no crude data55 kt (20%)
- Italy: crude not from imports9.7 kt (4%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported1.8 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.2 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italy | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 132,000 | 49.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 80,000 | 29.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 55,000 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia: no crude data | Saudi Arabia | 55,000 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Libya | Italy | 32,295 | 24.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Greece | 31,541 | 39.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 19,845 | 15.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Italy | 18,946 | 14.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Italy | 17,386 | 13.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Greece | 16,257 | 20.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Greece | 13,138 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 11,846 | 9.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Italy: crude not from imports | Italy | 9,735 | 7.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Nigeria | Italy | 8,983 | 6.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 8,882 | 6.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 7,037 | 8.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Greece | 5,840 | 7.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Greece | 4,423 | 5.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Slovenia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Italy | 4,082 | 3.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Greece | 1,764 | 2.2% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 713 | 71.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovenia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Austria | 559 | 55.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 156 | 15.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovenia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 130 | 13.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria | 119 | 11.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria | 117 | 11.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria | 90 | 9.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Austria | 53 | 5.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Austria | 43 | 4.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Azerbaijan | Austria | 19 | 1.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's road diesel to Slovenia split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-08 to 2025-10. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2025-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2025-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Slovenia’s supply of road diesel in 2025-10, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2025-10 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-08 to 2025-10.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Saudi Arabia: no crude data (55,000 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Italy: crude not from imports (9,735 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (1,764 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (174 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.