Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2026, Slovenia's road diesel supply was 223 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Italy (98%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Libya (27%), Azerbaijan (15%) and Iraq (8%), and 7% cannot be traced.
Country
Libya60 kt (est. 27%)Azerbaijan34 kt (est. 15%)Iraq19 kt (est. 8%)Kazakhstan18 kt (est. 8%)United States18 kt (est. 8%)Saudi Arabia16 kt (est. 7%)Algeria7.6 kt (est. 3%)Other crude origins36 kt (est. 16%)Italy: crude not from imports6.7 kt (3%)Italy: crude origin not reported5.5 kt (2%)United States: no crude data3.0 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.6 kt (<1%)Italy219 kt (98%)United States3.0 kt (1%)Hungary1.0 kt (<1%)Slovenia: road diesel supply223 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Italy
- United States
- Hungary
- Libya60 kt (est. 27%)
- Azerbaijan34 kt (est. 15%)
- Iraq19 kt (est. 8%)
- Kazakhstan18 kt (est. 8%)
- United States18 kt (est. 8%)
- Saudi Arabia16 kt (est. 7%)
- Algeria7.6 kt (est. 3%)
- Other crude origins36 kt (est. 16%)
- Italy: crude not from imports6.7 kt (3%)
- Italy: crude origin not reported5.5 kt (2%)
- United States: no crude data3.0 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.6 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Italy | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 219,000 | 98.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 3,000 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Slovenia: road diesel supply | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Libya | Italy | 59,504 | 27.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Italy | 35,466 | 16.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Azerbaijan | Italy | 33,576 | 15.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Italy | 18,518 | 8.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Italy | 18,223 | 8.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Italy | 17,536 | 8.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 16,344 | 7.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Algeria | Italy | 7,589 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Italy's road diesel to Slovenia split by Italy's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Italy: crude not from imports | Italy | 6,739 | 3.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Italy: crude origin not reported | Italy | 5,505 | 2.5% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| United States: no crude data | United States | 3,000 | 100.0% | UnknownWe hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 565 | 56.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 435 | 43.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's road diesel to Slovenia split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-02 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Slovenia’s supply of road diesel in 2026-02, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-02 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-12 to 2026-02.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Italy: crude not from imports (6,739 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Italy: crude origin not reported (5,505 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- United States: no crude data (3,000 t): We hold no crude import statistics for the supplying country, and we do not assume what its refineries run on.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (565 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.