Fuel Origin

Events / Import ban

EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)

Dates
2022-12-05 → no end date recorded
Dated to
the day
Status
Ongoing
Scope
European Union

What the sources said

Sixth package of EU sanctions, adopted 3 June 2022 (Council Regulation (EU) 2022/879 amending Regulation (EU) No 833/2014). European Commission, 3 June 2022: "a complete import ban on all Russian seaborne crude oil and petroleum products"; "For seaborne crude oil, spot market transactions and execution of existing contracts will be permitted for six months after entry into force, while for petroleum products, these will be permitted for eight months." Eurostat, 19 June 2023: "The ban on imports of seaborne crude oil entered into force on 5 December 2022, while the ban on petroleum products took effect on 5 February 2023." Temporary derogations apply to pipeline crude for certain member states and to Bulgaria and Croatia, so reported imports from Russia do not fall to zero. This row is a timeline marker only; it makes no statement about prices.

IEA, EIA, European Commission, European Council and national legislators (cited per row)Official
Retrieved 2026-09-23 07:22 UTCRevision 1
Source documents (3)
CountryCountryGermanyFranceNetherlandsPolandFinlandEstoniaAustriaBelgiumBulgariaCroatiaCyprusCzechiaDenmarkGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaPortugalRomaniaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSweden
FuelFuelDiesel (automotive gas oil)Petrol (Euro-super 95)Both fuels

Choosing a fuel keeps that fuel's series and the channels shared by every fuel - the crude benchmark, FX, crude imports and Hormuz exposure. It drops only the other fuel's series.

The event window

What each series was worth from -30 to 90 days around the event date, how far that is from the same series' level at the event date, and how big that move is against the series' own normal variation.

Poland, all fuels in this run. 22 series can be drawn; 7 cannot be seen at all and are shown as labelled empty panels below.

271 published readings, 15 offsets with nothing published within one period, and 91 offsets on series we cannot see at all. Every one of them is on this page.

Europe Brent spot FOB

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+90102.472.42022-11-04: 99.53 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 88.44 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 83.50 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-12-02: 86.54 $ per barrel, used for offsets −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 83.36 $ per barrel, used for offsets T02022-12-06: 79.92 $ per barrel, used for offsets +12022-12-08: 76.02 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-12-12: 78.00 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 81.66 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142023-01-04: 75.31 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302023-02-03: 78.85 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602023-03-03: 85.74 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for Europe Brent spot FOB: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-0499.53+16.170+19.40%+4.30
−142022-11-2188.44+5.080+6.09%+1.35
−72022-11-2883.50+0.140+0.17%+0.04
−32022-12-0286.54+3.180+3.81%+0.85
−12022-12-0286.54+3.180+3.81%+0.85
T02022-12-05same print as T083.360.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-0679.92-3.440-4.13%-0.91
+32022-12-0876.02-7.340-8.81%-1.95
+72022-12-1278.00-5.360-6.43%-1.42
+142022-12-1981.66-1.700-2.04%-0.45
+302023-01-0475.31-8.050-9.66%-2.14
+602023-02-0378.85-4.510-5.41%-1.20
+902023-03-0385.74+2.380+2.86%+0.63

One volatility unit for this series is 4.51%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (760 changes). It is not a significance test.

reported crude oil imports, all origins

Unit: tonnesPublished: monthlyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+903,070,4251,168,0702022-11-01: 2,342,295 tonnes, used for offsets −30, −14, −7same print as T0 — 2022-12-01, 2,412,789 tonnes, used for offsets −3, −1, T0, +1, +3, +7, +142023-01-01: 2,886,326 tonnes, used for offsets +302023-02-01: 1,352,169 tonnes, used for offsets +602023-03-01: 2,235,537 tonnes, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for reported crude oil imports, all origins: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-012,342,295-70,494-2.92%-0.14
−142022-11-012,342,295-70,494-2.92%-0.14
−72022-11-012,342,295-70,494-2.92%-0.14
−32022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
−12022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
T02022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
+142022-12-01same print as T02,412,7890.0000.00%0.00
+302023-01-012,886,326+473,537+19.63%+0.96
+602023-02-011,352,169-1,060,620-43.96%-2.16
+902023-03-012,235,537-177,252-7.35%-0.36

One volatility unit for this series is 20.35%, the standard deviation of its own month-on-month percentage changes over the three years before the event (35 changes). It is not a significance test.

crude-only expected pre-tax price: the T0 bulletin-week price plus what the stored pass-through curves say crude alone would have done since

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.2711.1802022-10-31: 1.240 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 1.236 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 1.218 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 1.210 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 1.188 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 1.201 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 1.208 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 1.247 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 1.262 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for crude-only expected pre-tax price: the T0 bulletin-week price plus what the stored pass-through curves say crude alone would have done since: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-311.240+0.030+2.49%+0.01
−142022-11-211.236+0.026+2.14%+0.01
−72022-11-281.218+0.008+0.63%+0.00
−32022-11-281.218+0.008+0.63%+0.00
−12022-11-281.218+0.008+0.63%+0.00
T02022-12-05same print as T01.2100.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T01.2100.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T01.2100.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-121.188-0.022-1.80%-0.01
+142022-12-191.201-0.009-0.75%-0.00
+302023-01-021.208-0.003-0.21%-0.00
+602023-01-301.247+0.037+3.02%+0.02
+902023-02-271.262+0.052+4.27%+0.02

One volatility unit for this series is 201.37%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

crude-only expected pre-tax price: the T0 bulletin-week price plus what the stored pass-through curves say crude alone would have done since

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.0360.9192022-10-31: 0.9300 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.9459 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.9427 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0.9503 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.9414 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.9508 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 0.9625 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 1.001 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 1.025 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for crude-only expected pre-tax price: the T0 bulletin-week price plus what the stored pass-through curves say crude alone would have done since: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.9300-0.020-2.14%-0.05
−142022-11-210.9459-0.004-0.47%-0.01
−72022-11-280.9427-0.008-0.80%-0.02
−32022-11-280.9427-0.008-0.80%-0.02
−12022-11-280.9427-0.008-0.80%-0.02
T02022-12-05same print as T00.95030.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T00.95030.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T00.95030.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-120.9414-0.009-0.93%-0.02
+142022-12-190.9508+0.001+0.06%+0.00
+302023-01-020.9625+0.012+1.29%+0.03
+602023-01-301.001+0.051+5.37%+0.11
+902023-02-271.025+0.075+7.85%+0.17

One volatility unit for this series is 47.00%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

ECB euro foreign exchange reference rate

Unit: US dollars per euroPublished: dailyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.1060.9742022-11-04: 0.9872 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 1.025 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 1.046 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −72022-12-02: 1.054 US dollars per euro, used for offsets −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 1.059 US dollars per euro, used for offsets T02022-12-06: 1.052 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +12022-12-08: 1.052 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +32022-12-12: 1.056 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 1.060 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +142023-01-04: 1.060 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +302023-02-03: 1.094 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +602023-03-03: 1.062 US dollars per euro, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for ECB euro foreign exchange reference rate: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-040.9872-0.072-6.75%-13.43
−142022-11-211.025-0.034-3.22%-6.40
−72022-11-281.046-0.012-1.17%-2.33
−32022-12-021.054-0.005-0.46%-0.92
−12022-12-021.054-0.005-0.46%-0.92
T02022-12-05same print as T01.0590.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-061.052-0.007-0.67%-1.33
+32022-12-081.052-0.007-0.64%-1.28
+72022-12-121.056-0.002-0.24%-0.47
+142022-12-191.060+0.001+0.10%+0.21
+302023-01-041.060+0.001+0.11%+0.23
+602023-02-031.094+0.035+3.31%+6.57
+902023-03-031.062+0.003+0.26%+0.53

One volatility unit for this series is 0.50%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (770 changes). It is not a significance test.

direct crude Hormuz exposure D1

Unit: % of imported tonnesPublished: monthlyUnknownUnknown
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+9055.510.002022-11-01: 0 to 28.75 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2022-12-01: 0 to 30.88 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2023-01-01: 0 to 43.78 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2023-02-01: 0 to 49.57 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2023-03-01: 0 to 33.15 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits. The shaded band is the admissible range. No midpoint is drawn, because no point estimate is published.

Window table for direct crude Hormuz exposure D1: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-010–28.75not publishednot publishednot published
−142022-11-010–28.75not publishednot publishednot published
−72022-11-010–28.75not publishednot publishednot published
−32022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
−12022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
T02022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
+12022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
+32022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
+72022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
+142022-12-010–30.88not publishednot publishednot published
+302023-01-010–43.78not publishednot publishednot published
+602023-02-010–49.57not publishednot publishednot published
+902023-03-010–33.15not publishednot publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

direct refined-product Hormuz exposure D2

Unit: % of imported tonnesPublished: monthlyUnknownUnknown
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+908.6910.0002022-11-01: 0 % of imported tonnes, used for offsets −30, −14, −7same print as T0 — 2022-12-01, 0 % of imported tonnes, used for offsets −3, −1, T0, +1, +3, +7, +142023-01-01: 0 % of imported tonnes, used for offsets +302023-02-01: 0 to 3.846 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.2023-03-01: 3.511 to 7.759 % of imported tonnes. No point estimate is published, so no midpoint is drawn.

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits. The shaded band is the admissible range. No midpoint is drawn, because no point estimate is published.

Window table for direct refined-product Hormuz exposure D2: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-0100.000not publishednot published
−142022-11-0100.000not publishednot published
−72022-11-0100.000not publishednot published
−32022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
−12022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
T02022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+12022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+32022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+72022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+142022-12-01same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+302023-01-0100.000not publishednot published
+602023-02-010–3.846not publishednot publishednot published
+902023-03-013.511–7.759not publishednot publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

inventory exposure D7: published days of emergency stock cover, carried through

Unit: days of coverPublished: monthlyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+90101.893.22022-11-01: 94.00 days of cover, used for offsets −30, −14, −7same print as T0 — 2022-12-01, 95.00 days of cover, used for offsets −3, −1, T0, +1, +3, +7, +142023-01-01: 97.00 days of cover, used for offsets +302023-02-01: 97.00 days of cover, used for offsets +602023-03-01: 101.0 days of cover, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for inventory exposure D7: published days of emergency stock cover, carried through: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-0194.00-1.000-1.05%-0.64
−142022-11-0194.00-1.000-1.05%-0.64
−72022-11-0194.00-1.000-1.05%-0.64
−32022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
−12022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
T02022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
+142022-12-01same print as T095.000.0000.00%0.00
+302023-01-0197.00+2.000+2.11%+1.27
+602023-02-0197.00+2.000+2.11%+1.27
+902023-03-01101.0+6.000+6.32%+3.81

One volatility unit for this series is 1.66%, the standard deviation of its own month-on-month percentage changes over the three years before the event (35 changes). It is not a significance test.

crude cost per litre: Brent in EUR/L averaged over the bulletin week (refinery yield not modelled)

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+900.6280.4422022-10-31: 0.6104 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.5263 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.5123 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0.4687 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.4798 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.4779 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 0.4598 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 0.4720 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 0.4954 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for crude cost per litre: Brent in EUR/L averaged over the bulletin week (refinery yield not modelled): value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.6104+0.142+30.24%+3.72
−142022-11-210.5263+0.058+12.30%+1.51
−72022-11-280.5123+0.044+9.31%+1.15
−32022-11-280.5123+0.044+9.31%+1.15
−12022-11-280.5123+0.044+9.31%+1.15
T02022-12-05same print as T00.46870.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T00.46870.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T00.46870.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-120.4798+0.011+2.38%+0.29
+142022-12-190.4779+0.009+1.98%+0.24
+302023-01-020.4598-0.009-1.89%-0.23
+602023-01-300.4720+0.003+0.71%+0.09
+902023-02-270.4954+0.027+5.69%+0.70

One volatility unit for this series is 8.13%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

crude cost per litre: Brent in EUR/L averaged over the bulletin week (refinery yield not modelled)

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+900.6280.4422022-10-31: 0.6104 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.5263 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.5123 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0.4687 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.4798 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.4779 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 0.4598 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 0.4720 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 0.4954 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for crude cost per litre: Brent in EUR/L averaged over the bulletin week (refinery yield not modelled): value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.6104+0.142+30.24%+3.72
−142022-11-210.5263+0.058+12.30%+1.51
−72022-11-280.5123+0.044+9.31%+1.15
−32022-11-280.5123+0.044+9.31%+1.15
−12022-11-280.5123+0.044+9.31%+1.15
T02022-12-05same print as T00.46870.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T00.46870.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T00.46870.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-120.4798+0.011+2.38%+0.29
+142022-12-190.4779+0.009+1.98%+0.24
+302023-01-020.4598-0.009-1.89%-0.23
+602023-01-300.4720+0.003+0.71%+0.09
+902023-02-270.4954+0.027+5.69%+0.70

One volatility unit for this series is 8.13%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

national total oil stocks (Eurostat, commercial holders), with the published days of cover alongside

Unit: tonnesPublished: monthlyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+9011,722,06310,664,5502022-11-01: 10,775,342 tonnes, used for offsets −30, −14, −7same print as T0 — 2022-12-01, 10,766,890 tonnes, used for offsets −3, −1, T0, +1, +3, +7, +142023-01-01: 11,619,723 tonnes, used for offsets +302023-02-01: 11,062,660 tonnes, used for offsets +602023-03-01: 11,398,783 tonnes, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for national total oil stocks (Eurostat, commercial holders), with the published days of cover alongside: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-0110,775,342+8,452+0.08%+0.03
−142022-11-0110,775,342+8,452+0.08%+0.03
−72022-11-0110,775,342+8,452+0.08%+0.03
−32022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
−12022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
T02022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
+142022-12-01same print as T010,766,8900.0000.00%0.00
+302023-01-0111,619,723+852,833+7.92%+2.85
+602023-02-0111,062,660+295,770+2.75%+0.99
+902023-03-0111,398,783+631,893+5.87%+2.11

One volatility unit for this series is 2.78%, the standard deviation of its own month-on-month percentage changes over the three years before the event (35 changes). It is not a significance test.

not explained by crude: actual pre-tax change since T0 minus the crude-only expected change. Never attributed

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+900.080-0.3902022-10-31: 0.0344 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: -0.0118 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: -0.0013 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.0172 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.0045 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: -0.2019 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: -0.2521 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: -0.3441 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for not explained by crude: actual pre-tax change since T0 minus the crude-only expected change. Never attributed: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.0344+0.034not publishednot published
−142022-11-21-0.0118-0.012not publishednot published
−72022-11-28-0.0013-0.001not publishednot published
−32022-11-28-0.0013-0.001not publishednot published
−12022-11-28-0.0013-0.001not publishednot published
T02022-12-05same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+12022-12-05same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+32022-12-05same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+72022-12-120.0172+0.017not publishednot published
+142022-12-190.0045+0.005not publishednot published
+302023-01-02-0.2019-0.202not publishednot published
+602023-01-30-0.2521-0.252not publishednot published
+902023-02-27-0.3441-0.344not publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

not explained by crude: actual pre-tax change since T0 minus the crude-only expected change. Never attributed

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+900.121-0.2642022-10-31: 0.0842 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.0135 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.0100 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.0191 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.0024 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: -0.1857 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: -0.2079 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: -0.2264 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for not explained by crude: actual pre-tax change since T0 minus the crude-only expected change. Never attributed: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.0842+0.084not publishednot published
−142022-11-210.0135+0.013not publishednot published
−72022-11-280.0100+0.010not publishednot published
−32022-11-280.0100+0.010not publishednot published
−12022-11-280.0100+0.010not publishednot published
T02022-12-05same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+12022-12-05same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+32022-12-05same print as T000.000not publishednot published
+72022-12-120.0191+0.019not publishednot published
+142022-12-190.0024+0.002not publishednot published
+302023-01-02-0.1857-0.186not publishednot published
+602023-01-30-0.2079-0.208not publishednot published
+902023-02-27-0.2264-0.226not publishednot published

No normal volatility is published for this series, so no change is expressed in volatility units. That is a missing input, not a zero.

Weekly Oil Bulletin price with taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.7291.5072022-10-31: 1.708 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 1.653 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 1.646 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 1.639 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 1.634 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 1.635 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 1.640 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 1.624 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 1.529 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for Weekly Oil Bulletin price with taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-311.708+0.069+4.20%+1.47
−142022-11-211.653+0.014+0.87%+0.31
−72022-11-281.646+0.007+0.42%+0.15
−32022-11-281.646+0.007+0.42%+0.15
−12022-11-281.646+0.007+0.42%+0.15
T02022-12-05same print as T01.6390.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T01.6390.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T01.6390.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-121.634-0.005-0.29%-0.10
+142022-12-191.635-0.004-0.25%-0.09
+302023-01-021.640+0.001+0.06%+0.02
+602023-01-301.624-0.015-0.92%-0.32
+902023-02-271.529-0.110-6.72%-2.36

One volatility unit for this series is 2.85%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

Weekly Oil Bulletin price with taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.4651.3812022-10-31: 1.457 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 1.398 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 1.392 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 1.389 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 1.401 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 1.393 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 1.403 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 1.420 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 1.426 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for Weekly Oil Bulletin price with taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-311.457+0.068+4.89%+2.04
−142022-11-211.398+0.009+0.63%+0.26
−72022-11-281.392+0.003+0.20%+0.08
−32022-11-281.392+0.003+0.20%+0.08
−12022-11-281.392+0.003+0.20%+0.08
T02022-12-05same print as T01.3890.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T01.3890.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T01.3890.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-121.401+0.011+0.81%+0.34
+142022-12-191.393+0.004+0.29%+0.12
+302023-01-021.403+0.013+0.96%+0.40
+602023-01-301.420+0.031+2.23%+0.93
+902023-02-271.426+0.037+2.64%+1.10

One volatility unit for this series is 2.40%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

Weekly Oil Bulletin price without taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.3180.8752022-10-31: 1.275 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 1.224 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 1.216 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 1.210 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 1.206 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 1.206 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 1.006 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 0.9947 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 0.9178 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for Weekly Oil Bulletin price without taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-311.275+0.065+5.34%+1.48
−142022-11-211.224+0.014+1.17%+0.32
−72022-11-281.216+0.006+0.52%+0.14
−32022-11-281.216+0.006+0.52%+0.14
−12022-11-281.216+0.006+0.52%+0.14
T02022-12-05same print as T01.2100.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T01.2100.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T01.2100.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-121.206-0.005-0.38%-0.10
+142022-12-191.206-0.004-0.37%-0.10
+302023-01-021.006-0.204-16.90%-4.68
+602023-01-300.9947-0.216-17.81%-4.93
+902023-02-270.9178-0.292-24.16%-6.69

One volatility unit for this series is 3.61%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

Weekly Oil Bulletin price without taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedOfficial
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+901.0430.7482022-10-31: 1.014 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.9593 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.9527 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0.9503 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.9605 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.9533 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 0.7768 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 0.7934 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 0.7984 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for Weekly Oil Bulletin price without taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-311.014+0.064+6.73%+2.14
−142022-11-210.9593+0.009+0.95%+0.30
−72022-11-280.9527+0.002+0.26%+0.08
−32022-11-280.9527+0.002+0.26%+0.08
−12022-11-280.9527+0.002+0.26%+0.08
T02022-12-05same print as T00.95030.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T00.95030.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T00.95030.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-120.9605+0.010+1.08%+0.34
+142022-12-190.9533+0.003+0.32%+0.10
+302023-01-020.7768-0.173-18.25%-5.82
+602023-01-300.7934-0.157-16.51%-5.26
+902023-02-270.7984-0.152-15.98%-5.09

One volatility unit for this series is 3.14%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

total tax per litre: price with taxes minus price without taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+900.6590.4042022-10-31: 0.4329 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.4289 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.4292 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0.4287 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.4285 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.4290 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 0.6341 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 0.6291 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 0.6109 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for total tax per litre: price with taxes minus price without taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.4329+0.004+0.98%+0.37
−142022-11-210.4289+0.000+0.06%+0.02
−72022-11-280.4292+0.001+0.14%+0.05
−32022-11-280.4292+0.001+0.14%+0.05
−12022-11-280.4292+0.001+0.14%+0.05
T02022-12-05same print as T00.42870.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T00.42870.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T00.42870.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-120.4285-0.000-0.04%-0.02
+142022-12-190.4290+0.000+0.07%+0.03
+302023-01-020.6341+0.205+47.93%+18.18
+602023-01-300.6291+0.200+46.75%+17.73
+902023-02-270.6109+0.182+42.52%+16.13

One volatility unit for this series is 2.64%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

total tax per litre: price with taxes minus price without taxes

Unit: € per litrePublished: weeklyCalculatedMedium
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+900.6500.4162022-10-31: 0.4431 € per litre, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 0.4388 € per litre, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 0.4393 € per litre, used for offsets −7, −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 0.4391 € per litre, used for offsets T0, +1, +32022-12-12: 0.4401 € per litre, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 0.4400 € per litre, used for offsets +142023-01-02: 0.6259 € per litre, used for offsets +302023-01-30: 0.6269 € per litre, used for offsets +602023-02-27: 0.6275 € per litre, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for total tax per litre: price with taxes minus price without taxes: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-10-310.4431+0.004+0.93%+0.37
−142022-11-210.4388-0.000-0.06%-0.02
−72022-11-280.4393+0.000+0.06%+0.03
−32022-11-280.4393+0.000+0.06%+0.03
−12022-11-280.4393+0.000+0.06%+0.03
T02022-12-05same print as T00.43910.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-05same print as T00.43910.0000.00%0.00
+32022-12-05same print as T00.43910.0000.00%0.00
+72022-12-120.4401+0.001+0.23%+0.09
+142022-12-190.4400+0.001+0.23%+0.09
+302023-01-020.6259+0.187+42.55%+16.85
+602023-01-300.6269+0.188+42.79%+16.95
+902023-02-270.6275+0.188+42.93%+17.00

One volatility unit for this series is 2.52%, the standard deviation of its own week-on-week percentage changes over the three years before the event (148 changes). It is not a significance test.

US proxy - not a European price: US diesel spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedLow
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+90109.929.12022-11-04: 102.1 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 61.92 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 50.19 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-12-02: 47.86 $ per barrel, used for offsets −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 43.40 $ per barrel, used for offsets T02022-12-06: 42.43 $ per barrel, used for offsets +12022-12-08: 43.18 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-12-12: 45.31 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 47.36 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142023-01-04: 52.92 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302023-02-03: 39.25 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602023-03-03: 36.90 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for US proxy - not a European price: US diesel spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-04102.1+58.716+135.30%+13.75
−142022-11-2161.92+18.524+42.69%+4.34
−72022-11-2850.19+6.790+15.65%+1.59
−32022-12-0247.86+4.464+10.29%+1.05
−12022-12-0247.86+4.464+10.29%+1.05
T02022-12-05same print as T043.400.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-0642.43-0.970-2.24%-0.23
+32022-12-0843.18-0.220-0.51%-0.05
+72022-12-1245.31+1.916+4.42%+0.45
+142022-12-1947.36+3.968+9.14%+0.93
+302023-01-0452.92+9.520+21.94%+2.23
+602023-02-0339.25-4.142-9.54%-0.97
+902023-03-0336.90-6.496-14.97%-1.52

One volatility unit for this series is 9.84%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (737 changes). It is not a significance test.

US proxy - not a European price: US gasoline spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedLow
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+9038.9011.122022-11-04: 36.21 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 25.46 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 21.75 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-12-02: 19.76 $ per barrel, used for offsets −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 19.67 $ per barrel, used for offsets T02022-12-06: 20.42 $ per barrel, used for offsets +12022-12-08: 14.66 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-12-12: 13.81 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 13.89 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142023-01-04: 25.20 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302023-02-03: 24.34 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602023-03-03: 25.60 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for US proxy - not a European price: US gasoline spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-0436.21+16.548+84.15%+0.46
−142022-11-2125.46+5.798+29.48%+0.16
−72022-11-2821.75+2.086+10.61%+0.06
−32022-12-0219.76+0.096+0.49%+0.00
−12022-12-0219.76+0.096+0.49%+0.00
T02022-12-05same print as T019.670.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-0620.42+0.752+3.82%+0.02
+32022-12-0814.66-5.008-25.47%-0.14
+72022-12-1213.81-5.854-29.77%-0.16
+142022-12-1913.89-5.776-29.37%-0.16
+302023-01-0425.20+5.530+28.12%+0.15
+602023-02-0324.34+4.678+23.79%+0.13
+902023-03-0325.60+5.936+30.18%+0.17

One volatility unit for this series is 182.43%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (737 changes). It is not a significance test.

US proxy - not a European price: US jet spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).

Unit: $ per barrelPublished: dailyCalculatedLow
T0−30−14T0+14+30+60+9057.2023.782022-11-04: 51.50 $ per barrel, used for offsets −302022-11-21: 42.81 $ per barrel, used for offsets −142022-11-28: 30.74 $ per barrel, used for offsets −72022-12-02: 31.06 $ per barrel, used for offsets −3, −1same print as T0 — 2022-12-05, 27.02 $ per barrel, used for offsets T02022-12-06: 27.60 $ per barrel, used for offsets +12022-12-08: 35.20 $ per barrel, used for offsets +32022-12-12: 36.79 $ per barrel, used for offsets +72022-12-19: 36.02 $ per barrel, used for offsets +142023-01-04: 53.97 $ per barrel, used for offsets +302023-02-03: 29.38 $ per barrel, used for offsets +602023-03-03: 39.71 $ per barrel, used for offsets +90

x: days from the event date. Each mark sits at the date the figure was published, which is how the as-of rule answers an offset. At least one print used was published outside the −30 to +90 window; the axis is extended to show where it actually sits.

Window table for US proxy - not a European price: US jet spot minus Brent spot, USD per barrel. A proxy for the Atlantic-basin product market, NOT a measure of European refining margins (§H).: value, change from the event date and change in volatility units at each offset.
OffsetPrint usedValueΔ absΔ %Volatility units
−302022-11-0451.50+24.486+90.64%+0.51
−142022-11-2142.81+15.794+58.46%+0.33
−72022-11-2830.74+3.724+13.78%+0.08
−32022-12-0231.06+4.044+14.97%+0.08
−12022-12-0231.06+4.044+14.97%+0.08
T02022-12-05same print as T027.020.0000.00%0.00
+12022-12-0627.60+0.584+2.16%+0.01
+32022-12-0835.20+8.180+30.28%+0.17
+72022-12-1236.79+9.770+36.16%+0.21
+142022-12-1936.02+9.008+33.34%+0.19
+302023-01-0453.97+26.950+99.76%+0.57
+602023-02-0329.38+2.368+8.77%+0.05
+902023-03-0339.71+12.698+47.00%+0.27

One volatility unit for this series is 176.40%, the standard deviation of its own day-on-day percentage changes over the three years before the event (737 changes). It is not a significance test.

Not available: licence-blocked

A source exists and its licence does not permit us to republish it. These channels are not missing from the world, only from this page.

Arabian Gulf to north-west Europe dirty tanker rate

Tanker freight rates are licensed such that public display, onward passing and derived data are all expressly prohibited, verified verbatim, and no open institution publishes a tanker rate.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

EU refined-product benchmark

EU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

EU refined-product benchmark

EU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

north-west Europe refining margin / crack spread

No published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

north-west Europe refining margin / crack spread

No published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

wholesale / rack price

Wholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

wholesale / rack price

Wholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.

13 offsets in the window are affected.

Source
European Commission, Directorate-General for Energy (DG ENER)Unknown
Period 2022-10-31Updated 2026-09-25 14:09 UTCConfidenceUnknownMethodologyDownload CSV

T0 is 2022-12-05. The baseline window is -90 to -31 days. Offsets materialised: -30, -14, -7, -3, -1, 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90. Method 1.0, calculation event_study-1.0, computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC.

Is EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022) really the reason?

The question splits into dimensions that are measured separately and never added into one number. Each row says whether we can see that dimension at all, and gives one published figure where we can.

Of the eight price-transmission channels this site reports, 4 have data in this run Calculated - a count of the rows below, not a measurement.

Methodology §11.1 publishes the thresholds the sentences below use: all eight channels present for the full comparison, at least three for the claim to be testable here at all, and 2.0 volatility units for a move to be described as outside a series' normal variation. Those are published wording choices, not statistical tests.

Dimensions of exposure to EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), each with its status and one published figure.
DimensionStatusPublished figure, or why there is none
Direct crude exposure (D1)Share of imported crude whose route requires the Strait of Hormuz.Range only0–43.78 % of imported tonnes at +30 d (2023-01) · no midpoint
Direct product exposure (D2)Share of imported refined product whose route requires the Strait of Hormuz.Observed0 % of imported tonnes at +30 d (published 2023-01-01)
Emergency stock cover (D7)Days of cover the published emergency stocks amount to. A buffer against a supply disruption, not a share of imports, and not a price channel.Observed97.00 days of cover at +30 d (published 2023-01-01)+2.11% from the level at T0 = +1.27 volatility units
Crude benchmarkThe quoted crude price European cargoes are priced against.Observed75.31 $ per barrel at +30 d (published 2023-01-04)-9.66% from the level at T0 = -2.14 volatility units
Refined-product benchmarkThe quoted product price refineries and wholesalers price against.UnavailableEU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.
Refining marginWhat refining a barrel into this product earned.UnavailableNo published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.
Freight ratesWhat it cost to ship the cargo.UnavailableTanker freight rates are licensed such that public display, onward passing and derived data are all expressly prohibited, verified verbatim, and no open institution publishes a tanker rate.
InventoriesStocks held, which absorb or amplify a supply change.Observed11,619,723 tonnes at +30 d (published 2023-01-01)+7.92% from the level at T0 = +2.85 volatility units
Wholesale pricesThe price between the refinery gate and the forecourt.UnavailableWholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.
Pump price before taxThe pump price with excise, VAT and other fuel taxes stripped out.Observed1.006 € per litre at +30 d (published 2023-01-02)-16.90% from the level at T0 = -4.68 volatility units
Pump price with taxWhat a driver actually paid.Observed1.640 € per litre at +30 d (published 2023-01-02)+0.06% from the level at T0 = +0.02 volatility units

Physical exposure to the Strait of Hormuz and price exposure are different questions. A country with almost no direct physical exposure can still see its pump price move, because crude is priced globally - and a series that moved in this window may have moved for other reasons.

What the pump price did around this date

The decomposition page can be pinned to the weeks around the event date, so the pump move can be split into tax, input cost and the part the input cost does not account for.

Price decomposition, 2022-11-28 to 2023-01-04 →

The window is the published event date minus 7 days to plus 30 days. It is a window for looking, not a claim that the event caused what is inside it.

Actual vs crude-only: Poland, petrol (euro-super 95)

What the pre-tax price did from four weeks before to thirteen weeks after the event week, next to what it would have done had it followed only the crude input cost at the speed the stored pass-through estimate measures. The shaded difference is not explained by crude; it is not attributed to the event or to anything else. No fuel is selected, so petrol is shown.

2022-12-262023-03-06-20-1001020c/L since the anchor week
  • Actual pre-tax change(official prices)
  • What crude alone would have done(calculated, with range)
  • Shaded: not explained by crude(not attributed to any cause)

Changes are measured from the bulletin week of 2022-12-05. Crude response taken from the stored pass-through estimate over the most recent three-year window (2023-09-25 to 2026-09-14). The light band is a conservative range, not a 90% interval. The shaded area is not explained by crude: refining margins, freight, retail margins and model error are all inside it, and none is named as its cause.

  • Over the 4 weeks after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), crude costs alone would have moved Poland's pre-tax petrol price by +1.2 c/L (range -0.4–+2.9); it actually moved -17.3 c/L, leaving -18.6 c/L not explained by crude.
  • Over the 13 weeks after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), crude costs alone would have moved Poland's pre-tax petrol price by +8.1 c/L (range +2.9–+13.2); it actually moved -15.1 c/L, leaving -23.2 c/L not explained by crude.

What the numbers support, sentence by sentence

Each sentence comes from a fixed template, chosen by published thresholds. Open “why this sentence” to see the numbers that selected it. None of this text is written by a language model, and none of it attributes cause.

  1. In the 7 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's pre-tax petrol price moved +1.1%, which is 0.3 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.96052
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.242725850776886
    t0_value
    0.95029
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    1.0765134853571092
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.3429337512271538
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.010230000000000072
    change_pct_from_t0
    1.0765134853571092
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.1391295884552464
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.3429337512271538
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.96052
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.242725850776886
    t0_value
    0.95029
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    1.0765134853571092
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.3429337512271538
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.010230000000000072
    change_pct_from_t0
    1.0765134853571092
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.1391295884552464
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.3429337512271538

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 51f91e773eed4d16db20c90a1a5078c5b4674bac8913a554dd87adf2be08cb0e · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  2. In the 30 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's pre-tax petrol price moved -18.3%, which is 5.8 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.7768200000000001
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -3.490501886551326
    t0_value
    0.95029
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -18.25442759578654
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.815123932099112
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.1734699999999999
    change_pct_from_t0
    -18.25442759578654
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.1391295884552464
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.815123932099112
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.7768200000000001
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -3.490501886551326
    t0_value
    0.95029
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -18.25442759578654
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.815123932099112
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.1734699999999999
    change_pct_from_t0
    -18.25442759578654
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.1391295884552464
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.815123932099112

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 68941d0b71411936a3a69e5c60b2922f4005dbefff167301ec94dfbd71610fe6 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  3. In the 90 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's pre-tax petrol price moved -16.0%, which is 5.1 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.79843
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -3.0513344864225167
    t0_value
    0.95029
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -15.980384935125068
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.090705714697479
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.15186
    change_pct_from_t0
    -15.980384935125068
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.1391295884552464
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.090705714697479
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.79843
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -3.0513344864225167
    t0_value
    0.95029
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    -15.980384935125068
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -5.090705714697479
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.15186
    change_pct_from_t0
    -15.980384935125068
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.1391295884552464
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -5.090705714697479

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 6aa87c7197a9133697fbbc77a8172537887dc9c30981f18da10b8712bb4deb6d · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  4. In the 7 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's tax-inclusive petrol price moved +0.8%, which is 0.3 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.40059
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.35913449184661767
    t0_value
    1.38934
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    0.8097369974232357
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.33760859046798264
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.011249999999999982
    change_pct_from_t0
    0.8097369974232357
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.3984490332452832
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.33760859046798264
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.40059
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.35913449184661767
    t0_value
    1.38934
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    0.8097369974232357
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.33760859046798264
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.011249999999999982
    change_pct_from_t0
    0.8097369974232357
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.3984490332452832
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.33760859046798264

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 9b37e15ac7aa3054bab9c13996615bd3cd191881292ceb54a531e02b12aa8064 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  5. In the 30 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's tax-inclusive petrol price moved +1.0%, which is 0.4 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.40267
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.3986739780470144
    t0_value
    1.38934
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    0.9594483711690489
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.4000286676389544
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.013330000000000064
    change_pct_from_t0
    0.9594483711690489
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.3984490332452832
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.4000286676389544
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.40267
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.3986739780470144
    t0_value
    1.38934
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    0.9594483711690489
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.4000286676389544
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.013330000000000064
    change_pct_from_t0
    0.9594483711690489
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.3984490332452832
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.4000286676389544

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint eeae5a3a5ea7b2e6114fbe1e6c12bdd92e7791a91fdda811faa885b851d10da3 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  6. In the 90 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's tax-inclusive petrol price moved +2.6%, which is 1.1 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.42595
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.8412120735975904
    t0_value
    1.38934
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    2.635064131170198
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    1.0986533775140332
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.03661000000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.635064131170198
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.3984490332452832
    change_in_volatility_units
    1.0986533775140332
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.42595
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.8412120735975904
    t0_value
    1.38934
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    change_pct
    2.635064131170198
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    1.0986533775140332
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.03661000000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.635064131170198
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.3984490332452832
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    1.0986533775140332

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 1b126d0375c1f2a5170510f459492df81665787a737d305396960b2d1bcdc881 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  7. In the 7 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's pre-tax diesel price moved -0.4%, which is 0.1 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.20567
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.33516610706908023
    t0_value
    1.21024
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -0.3776110523532492
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -0.10456777223165575
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.004569999999999963
    change_pct_from_t0
    -0.3776110523532492
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.6111609178849386
    change_in_volatility_units
    -0.10456777223165575
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.20567
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.33516610706908023
    t0_value
    1.21024
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -0.3776110523532492
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -0.10456777223165575
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.004569999999999963
    change_pct_from_t0
    -0.3776110523532492
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.6111609178849386
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -0.10456777223165575

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 09c0575db8b6a87bb858f419b3e252802eb05c954901e7d4b1240ae3a6374de8 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  8. In the 30 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's pre-tax diesel price moved -16.9%, which is 4.7 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.00576
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -2.3690234384532736
    t0_value
    1.21024
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -16.895822316234796
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -4.6787785702251945
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.20448
    change_pct_from_t0
    -16.895822316234796
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.6111609178849386
    change_in_volatility_units
    -4.6787785702251945
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.00576
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -2.3690234384532736
    t0_value
    1.21024
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -16.895822316234796
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -4.6787785702251945
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.20448
    change_pct_from_t0
    -16.895822316234796
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.6111609178849386
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -4.6787785702251945

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 1161985c3fe7dadcc413513f4c3a635740bde2ae74b49c38f0681e432fc85edb · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  9. In the 90 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's pre-tax diesel price moved -24.2%, which is 6.7 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.9178
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -3.5588614276691524
    t0_value
    1.21024
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -24.163802221047067
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -6.691422168802114
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.29244000000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    -24.163802221047067
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.6111609178849386
    change_in_volatility_units
    -6.691422168802114
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    0.9178
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -3.5588614276691524
    t0_value
    1.21024
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -24.163802221047067
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_PRETAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    pre-tax
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -6.691422168802114
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.29244000000000003
    change_pct_from_t0
    -24.163802221047067
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    3.6111609178849386
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -6.691422168802114

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 2d686abea4c9bfe1f5039d6d971e855d34b432a8e54c851565f2041f975beef0 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  10. In the 7 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's tax-inclusive diesel price moved -0.3%, which is 0.1 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.6341400000000001
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.40548370590953525
    t0_value
    1.6388900000000002
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -0.2898303119794514
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -0.10171138843199351
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.004750000000000032
    change_pct_from_t0
    -0.2898303119794514
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.8495364820748503
    change_in_volatility_units
    -0.10171138843199351
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.6341400000000001
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.40548370590953525
    t0_value
    1.6388900000000002
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -0.2898303119794514
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -0.10171138843199351
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.004750000000000032
    change_pct_from_t0
    -0.2898303119794514
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.8495364820748503
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -0.10171138843199351

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 4ec49f34c8c4bb5677551e475bb279a635e5706689e2d749cda9a256b3c53eb2 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  11. In the 30 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's tax-inclusive diesel price moved +0.1%, which is 0.0 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.63985
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.47730137752345925
    t0_value
    1.6388900000000002
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    0.058576231473732206
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.020556406925199545
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.0009599999999998499
    change_pct_from_t0
    0.058576231473732206
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.8495364820748503
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.020556406925199545
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.63985
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    0.47730137752345925
    t0_value
    1.6388900000000002
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    0.058576231473732206
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.020556406925199545
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    0.0009599999999998499
    change_pct_from_t0
    0.058576231473732206
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.8495364820748503
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.020556406925199545

    Template event.price_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 2c58b4a0714331b89e19d55a0a5975f37feaefbead503ff9c0fda448024868bb · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  12. In the 90 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), Poland's tax-inclusive diesel price moved -6.7%, which is 2.4 times its normal week-to-week variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.5287000000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -0.9206906014411301
    t0_value
    1.6388900000000002
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -6.7234530688453775
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -2.35949008238343
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.11019000000000001
    change_pct_from_t0
    -6.7234530688453775
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.8495364820748503
    change_in_volatility_units
    -2.35949008238343
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (week-to-week)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    unit
    EUR/L
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    1.5287000000000002
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    z_score
    -0.9206906014411301
    t0_value
    1.6388900000000002
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    change_pct
    -6.7234530688453775
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    RETAIL_INCLTAX_PL_DIESEL
    series_kind
    tax-inclusive
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    week-to-week
    observation_date
    2023-02-27
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -2.35949008238343
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -0.11019000000000001
    change_pct_from_t0
    -6.7234530688453775
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    6
    normal_volatility_pct
    2.8495364820748503
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -2.35949008238343

    Template event.price_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint c2a7817e33296202bed2a19bfb362cdd888ca7c0f7067254b56f4711b180f8f1 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  13. Over the 4 weeks after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), crude costs alone would have moved Poland's pre-tax petrol price by +1.2 c/L (range -0.4–+2.9); it actually moved -17.3 c/L, leaving -18.6 c/L not explained by crude.

    about PolandCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    4
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    4
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2022-12-30
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.18569879383200463
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.1734699999999999
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.012228793832004732
    proxy_volatility_units
    0.2070376188168671
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    7.428000000000001
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.004166389497553744
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.028623977161565003
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    182.43434263983826
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    4
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    4
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2022-12-30
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.18569879383200463
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.1734699999999999
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.012228793832004732
    proxy_volatility_units
    0.2070376188168671
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    7.428000000000001
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.004166389497553744
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.028623977161565003
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    182.43434263983826

    Template event.crude_only.computed v1.1 · Fingerprint a45827f2f700c69a8a2033f516b943f739fd86f35e1f06647d39eec15f291f17 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  14. Over the 13 weeks after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), crude costs alone would have moved Poland's pre-tax petrol price by +8.1 c/L (range +2.9–+13.2); it actually moved -15.1 c/L, leaving -23.2 c/L not explained by crude.

    about PolandCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    13
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    13
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2023-03-06
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    observation_date
    2023-03-06
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.23204443495676846
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.15149
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.08055443495676846
    proxy_volatility_units
    0.15391245706875872
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    5.5219999999999985
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    0.029495659210599413
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.1316132107029411
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    182.43434263983826
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    petrol
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    13
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    EURO_SUPER_95
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_EURO_SUPER_95
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    13
    proxy_product
    GASOLINE
    proxy_to_date
    2023-03-06
    pass_through_k
    2
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2023-03-06
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.23204443495676846
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.15149
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.08055443495676846
    proxy_volatility_units
    0.15391245706875872
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    5.5219999999999985
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    0.029495659210599413
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.1316132107029411
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    182.43434263983826

    Template event.crude_only.computed v1.1 · Fingerprint 25ae466062baec021ed346e3ea18d705737f8e3a30ab81463cb9d96401d80cbd · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  15. Over the 4 weeks after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), crude costs alone would have moved Poland's pre-tax diesel price by -0.3 c/L (range -2.8–+2.3); it actually moved -20.4 c/L, leaving -20.2 c/L not explained by crude. Over the same period the US diesel crack spread, a proxy for the Atlantic product market and not a European margin, widened by 12.6 $/bbl.

    about PolandCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    4
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_DIESEL
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    4
    proxy_product
    DIESEL
    proxy_to_date
    2022-12-30
    pass_through_k
    1
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.20194397165967334
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.20448
    expected_eur_per_litre
    -0.002536028340326655
    proxy_volatility_units
    2.948513147105371
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    12.594000000000001
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.02827025487350767
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.023198198192853535
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    9.842624566455152
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    4
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_DIESEL
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    4
    proxy_product
    DIESEL
    proxy_to_date
    2022-12-30
    pass_through_k
    1
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2023-01-02
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.20194397165967334
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.20448
    expected_eur_per_litre
    -0.002536028340326655
    proxy_volatility_units
    2.948513147105371
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    12.594000000000001
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.02827025487350767
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.023198198192853535
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    9.842624566455152

    Template event.crude_only.computed_with_proxy v1.1 · Fingerprint f459a284a20f68aa4e97c1f25b501a263f4670ab72fb9b7df81812df3153b7ed · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  16. Over the 13 weeks after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), crude costs alone would have moved Poland's pre-tax diesel price by +6.5 c/L (range -2.5–+15.5); it actually moved -30.7 c/L, leaving -37.2 c/L not explained by crude.

    about PolandCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    13
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_DIESEL
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    13
    proxy_product
    DIESEL
    proxy_to_date
    2023-03-06
    pass_through_k
    1
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    observation_date
    2023-03-06
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.3717640643953426
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.30677999999999994
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.06498406439534264
    proxy_volatility_units
    -1.6767707765260176
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    -7.161999999999999
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.02527875923686495
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.1552468880275494
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    9.842624566455152
    Thresholds
    source
    docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.7; horizons are a v1 choice of this module
    proxy_rule
    the proxy sentence is added only when the US crack spread proxy moved by at least UNUSUAL_MOVE_VOLATILITY_UNITS of its normal day-to-day variation over the same weeks
    confidence_cap
    MEDIUM (docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §7.5)
    statement_weeks
    [4,13]
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    fuel
    diesel
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    weeks
    13
    status
    COMPUTED
    country
    Poland
    fuel_type
    DIESEL
    gap_label
    NOT_EXPLAINED_BY_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    series_code
    CRUDE_ONLY_EXPECTED_PL_DIESEL
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    offset_weeks
    13
    proxy_product
    DIESEL
    proxy_to_date
    2023-03-06
    pass_through_k
    1
    proxy_from_date
    2022-12-05
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2023-03-06
    gap_eur_per_litre
    -0.3717640643953426
    series_source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","eia_brent_rbrte"]
    anchor_period_start
    2022-12-05
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    actual_eur_per_litre
    -0.30677999999999994
    expected_eur_per_litre
    0.06498406439534264
    proxy_volatility_units
    -1.6767707765260176
    pass_through_sample_end
    2026-09-14
    proxy_change_usd_per_bbl
    -7.161999999999999
    pass_through_sample_start
    2023-09-25
    pass_through_window_label
    ROLLING_156W
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    expected_low_eur_per_litre
    -0.02527875923686495
    expected_high_eur_per_litre
    0.1552468880275494
    proxy_normal_volatility_pct
    9.842624566455152

    Template event.crude_only.computed v1.1 · Fingerprint 06f8b1611b58f10d3928d2ddcadb58a009d2d4ec596dd73280955a4dd5a24857 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  17. Direct physical dependence on Hormuz-linked crude was moderate (0%–31%) for Poland in 2022-12. No point estimate is published: the origins concerned export from both inside and outside the Persian Gulf and the split per period is not public.

    about PolandCalculatedMedium
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    moderate
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-12
    status
    NO_OBSERVATION
    country
    Poland
    commodity
    crude
    dimension
    DIRECT_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    value_max_pct
    30.8826499126115
    value_min_pct
    0
    exposure_status
    RANGE_ONLY
    value_point_pct
    null
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md §9 publishes no bands
    band_applied_to
    upper bound of the range (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md §3.2: a range has no meaningful midpoint)
    dependence_limited_max_pct
    10
    dependence_moderate_max_pct
    33
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    moderate
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-12
    status
    NO_OBSERVATION
    country
    Poland
    commodity
    crude
    dimension
    DIRECT_CRUDE
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    value_max_pct
    30.8826499126115
    value_min_pct
    0
    exposure_status
    RANGE_ONLY
    statement_topic
    hormuz
    value_point_pct
    null
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.dependence.range v1.1 · Fingerprint 3e5296077ab2ab5fe4d4ab0a2628356640f019dd1f60e68344003a351a4876ed · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  18. Direct physical dependence on Hormuz-linked refined product was limited (0%) for Poland in 2022-12.

    about PolandCalculatedLow
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    limited
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-12
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    commodity
    refined product
    dimension
    DIRECT_PRODUCT
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    value_max_pct
    0
    value_min_pct
    0
    exposure_status
    COMPUTED
    value_point_pct
    0
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md §9 publishes no bands
    band_applied_to
    upper bound of the range (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md §3.2: a range has no meaningful midpoint)
    dependence_limited_max_pct
    10
    dependence_moderate_max_pct
    33
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    band
    limited
    unit
    % of imported tonnes
    period
    2022-12
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    commodity
    refined product
    dimension
    DIRECT_PRODUCT
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    value_max_pct
    0
    value_min_pct
    0
    exposure_status
    COMPUTED
    statement_topic
    hormuz
    value_point_pct
    0
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.dependence.point v1.1 · Fingerprint 88e8a53cb2387581bc3b96d7f3c71ab492378b599522966b0b82fbb2743d786c · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  19. Available evidence does not show a physical supply reduction: Poland's reported crude imports in 2022-12 were +12.5% against the mean of the previous 12 months.

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-12
    country
    Poland
    change_pct
    12.526154825060463
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    partner_role
    ORIGIN
    value_tonnes
    2412789
    baseline_months
    12
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm"]
    baseline_mean_tonnes
    2144202.8333333335
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md publishes no cut-off
    min_baseline_months
    6
    baseline_months_used
    12
    supply_reduction_pct
    -10
    supply_baseline_months
    12
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-12
    country
    Poland
    change_pct
    12.526154825060463
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    partner_role
    ORIGIN
    value_tonnes
    2412789
    baseline_months
    12
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm"]
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    baseline_mean_tonnes
    2144202.8333333335
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.supply.no_reduction v1.1 · Fingerprint e76af8a051c9abbce900d7dfabd5d16832f00d9a7415208d66ad6a510ef9a97f · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  20. In 2022-12, Poland's oil stocks stood 2.1% above their trailing 12-month mean — inside the 5% either side that this site reads as in line with it, with 95.0 days of cover (as published).

    about PolandCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-12
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    direction
    above
    siec_code
    O4000
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    holder_type
    STK_CL
    series_code
    INVENTORY_PL
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    days_of_cover
    95
    metric_status
    COMPUTED
    mom_change_pct
    -0.07843834562281178
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm"]
    total_stock_tonnes
    10766890
    days_of_cover_basis
    as published by Eurostat (nrg_stk_oem, STK_EUE_DIR); not stocks divided by consumption (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D7)
    observation_gap_days
    4
    trailing_12m_mean_tonnes
    10541646.5
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct
    2.1367013208041077
    trailing_12m_observations
    12
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/METHODOLOGY.md publishes no band
    band_applied_to
    the rounded figure printed in the sentence
    days_of_cover_basis
    as published (Eurostat nrg_stk_oem, STK_EUE_DIR); never stocks divided by consumption (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D7)
    trailing_window_months
    12
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct_raw
    2.1367013208041077
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct_shown
    2.1
    inventory_material_deviation_pct
    5
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    tonnes
    month
    2022-12
    status
    OBSERVED
    country
    Poland
    direction
    above
    siec_code
    O4000
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    holder_type
    STK_CL
    series_code
    INVENTORY_PL
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    days_of_cover
    95
    metric_status
    COMPUTED
    mom_change_pct
    -0.07843834562281178
    statement_topic
    event
    observation_date
    2022-12-01
    series_source_ids
    ["eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm"]
    total_stock_tonnes
    10766890
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    days_of_cover_basis
    as published by Eurostat (nrg_stk_oem, STK_EUE_DIR); not stocks divided by consumption (docs/HORMUZ_METHOD.md D7)
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    4
    trailing_12m_mean_tonnes
    10541646.5
    level_vs_trailing_12m_pct
    2.1367013208041077
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    trailing_12m_observations
    12

    Template event.inventory_level.in_line v1.1 · Fingerprint 30aad6ce238e5632f0fcdc45308b7996f374b40f1b180a83cb987db0e8528c8b · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  21. Summary of what can be checked here

    Only part of the chain can be checked for Poland around EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022): 4 of the 8 series the method compares are available (crude benchmark, inventories, pre-tax pump price and pump price with tax), while refined-product benchmark, refining margin, freight rates and wholesale prices are not. Any claim that rests on the missing links cannot be tested here. Direct physical dependence on Hormuz-linked crude was moderate (0–31%) over the period covered. This page describes what each series did around the event date. It is not a finding about cause: no causal design is published for this site, and a series that moved in the same window may have moved for other reasons.

    about PolandUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    country
    Poland
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    dependence_band
    moderate
    dependence_range
    0–31%
    channels_available
    ["crude benchmark","inventories","pre-tax pump price","pump price with tax"]
    supply_template_id
    event.supply.no_reduction
    channels_unavailable
    ["refined-product benchmark","refining margin","freight rates","wholesale prices"]
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; the channel list is docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.3
    channels_total
    8
    channels_available
    4
    verdict_partial_min_channels
    3
    verdict_assessable_min_channels
    8
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    country
    Poland
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    country_iso2
    PL
    country_name
    Poland
    country_slug
    poland
    dependence_band
    moderate
    statement_topic
    event
    dependence_range
    0–31%
    channels_available
    ["crude benchmark","inventories","pre-tax pump price","pump price with tax"]
    supply_template_id
    event.supply.no_reduction
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    channels_unavailable
    ["refined-product benchmark","refining margin","freight rates","wholesale prices"]
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.verdict.partial v1.1 · Fingerprint 0bc4acd97251c93e0d692e055ff19e023720be19413aaac4fedcb430455beab8 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  22. In the 7 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), the Brent crude benchmark moved -6.4%, which is 1.4 times its normal day-to-day variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about the event as a wholeCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    78
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -3.919330167431879
    t0_value
    83.36
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -6.429942418426104
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    BRENT
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -1.424724765497578
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -5.359999999999999
    change_pct_from_t0
    -6.429942418426104
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.513111987760301
    change_in_volatility_units
    -1.424724765497578
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (day-to-day)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    78
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -3.919330167431879
    t0_value
    83.36
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -6.429942418426104
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    7
    series_code
    BRENT
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2022-12-12
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -1.424724765497578
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -5.359999999999999
    change_pct_from_t0
    -6.429942418426104
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.513111987760301
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -1.424724765497578

    Template event.benchmark_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint b54773c6d8ea729448e355679535649a28ea7e4cedc8813dfcf6f2802aab32bd · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  23. In the 30 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), the Brent crude benchmark moved -9.7%, which is 2.1 times its normal day-to-day variation over the previous three years — outside that range.

    about the event as a wholeCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    75.31
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -4.677910199838048
    t0_value
    83.36
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -9.65690978886756
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    BRENT
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2023-01-04
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -2.1397452168387128
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -8.049999999999997
    change_pct_from_t0
    -9.65690978886756
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.513111987760301
    change_in_volatility_units
    -2.1397452168387128
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (day-to-day)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    75.31
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -4.677910199838048
    t0_value
    83.36
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    -9.65690978886756
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    30
    series_code
    BRENT
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2023-01-04
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    -2.1397452168387128
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    -8.049999999999997
    change_pct_from_t0
    -9.65690978886756
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    0
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.513111987760301
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    -2.1397452168387128

    Template event.benchmark_move.outside_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint a66bdad4120941189e2864b65cefe96af6989d6c7dc9d9e481dad3f463e1452c · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  24. In the 90 days after EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022), the Brent crude benchmark moved +2.9%, which is 0.6 times its normal day-to-day variation over the previous three years — within that range.

    about the event as a wholeCalculatedOfficial
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    85.74
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -1.7366500741888493
    t0_value
    83.36
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    2.855086372360839
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    BRENT
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2023-03-03
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.6326203249784009
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    2.3799999999999955
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.855086372360839
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.513111987760301
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.6326203249784009
    Thresholds
    source
    v1 choice of this module; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.2 requires the comparison but publishes no cut-off
    volatility_definition
    sample sd of period-over-period % changes over the 3 years before T0, at the series' own frequency (day-to-day)
    unusual_move_volatility_units
    2
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    unit
    $/BBL
    event
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    value
    85.74
    status
    OBSERVED
    z_score
    -1.7366500741888493
    t0_value
    83.36
    benchmark
    Brent crude
    change_pct
    2.855086372360839
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    offset_days
    90
    series_code
    BRENT
    statement_topic
    event
    variation_label
    day-to-day
    observation_date
    2023-03-03
    same_observation
    false
    volatility_units
    0.6326203249784009
    series_source_ids
    ["eia_brent_rbrte"]
    change_abs_from_t0
    2.3799999999999955
    change_pct_from_t0
    2.855086372360839
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    observation_gap_days
    2
    normal_volatility_pct
    4.513111987760301
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0
    change_in_volatility_units
    0.6326203249784009

    Template event.benchmark_move.within_normal v1.1 · Fingerprint 95c15aae3aef102cb53ce9861989a6b3fd3d482e297b83dd1613ec9cd40b15cc · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  25. Freight rates reaction cannot be assessed: tanker freight rates are licensed such that public display, onward passing and derived data are all expressly prohibited, verified verbatim, and no open institution publishes a tanker rate.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["freight rates"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_FREIGHT_SOURCE
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["freight rates"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_FREIGHT_SOURCE
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint 81f14ddf9bdd5a846c68ffa6a0c2ac90cc0051c094198d9fc185147f886c0b88 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  26. Refined-product benchmark reaction cannot be assessed: EU refined-product benchmarks (Platts / Argus) are proprietary with no redistribution grant. US crack spreads are not a valid EU proxy and are not substituted.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refined-product benchmark"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_PRODUCT_BENCHMARK
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refined-product benchmark"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_PRODUCT_BENCHMARK
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint 91941020696deeb37b6bfcb5c4e321ba5865cedc68042d4a64d30524b6fb2549 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  27. Wholesale prices reaction cannot be assessed: wholesale / rack price series are proprietary with no redistribution grant.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["wholesale prices"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_WHOLESALE_SERIES
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["wholesale prices"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_LICENSED_WHOLESALE_SERIES
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint e638c4d7da43b662509013a365f2d13fca0fa20208646d67ade6d6d3b40790a0 · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

  28. Refining margin reaction cannot be assessed: no published refining-margin series is held, and computing a margin ourselves would need the licensed EU product benchmarks, which may not be republished.

    about the event as a wholeUnknownUnknown
    Why this sentence
    Variables
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refining margin"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    reason_code
    NO_REFINERY_MARGIN_SERIES
    Thresholds
    source
    CLAUDE.md §1; docs/PRICE_MODEL.md §2.1 (a series with no licensed source is visible as a gap)
    any_missing_channel_is_disclosed
    true
    Inputs
    t0
    2022-12-05T00:00:00+00:00
    channels
    ["refining margin"]
    event_name
    EU import ban on seaborne Russian crude oil (in force 5 December 2022)
    event_slug
    eu-russia-crude-embargo-2022
    event_type
    EMBARGO
    source_ids
    ["ec_weekly_oil_bulletin","ecb_exr_reference_rates","eia_brent_rbrte","eia_us_product_spot","eurostat_nrg_stk_oem","eurostat_nrg_stk_oilm","eurostat_nrg_ti_oilm","reference_hormuz_v1"]
    reason_code
    NO_REFINERY_MARGIN_SERIES
    statement_topic
    event
    calculation_version
    event_statements-1.0
    methodology_version
    1.0
    study_calculation_version
    event_study-1.0

    Template event.channel.unavailable v1.1 · Fingerprint e1f282615a660e84b280ecac2938abde9502c7d8209f04d500d682817c457aef · calculation event_statements-1.0 · computed 2026-09-25 14:09 UTC

What this does not show

  • It does not show that the event caused anything. No causal design is published for this site, and a series that moved in this window may have moved for other reasons.
  • A change in volatility units is not a significance test, and neither is a z-score. They measure different things and are not interchangeable.
  • Channels with no licensed or loaded source are shown as empty panels, not as flat lines. “We cannot see this” is not “this did not move”.
  • Nothing is interpolated. Where several offsets resolve to one published figure, that is what the publisher printed, and the change against the event date is zero because it is the same number.

Poland: supply, refineries and pump prices →

How to read the labels

  • OfficialReported directly by an official authority.
  • VerifiedReported by a third party we have verified against a primary record.
  • CalculatedComputed by us from reported inputs. The method is published on the methodology page.
  • Inferred · highNot reported. Inferred from at least two independent physical records.
  • Inferred · mediumNot reported. Inferred from strong indirect evidence, with no explicit confirmation.
  • Inferred · lowNot reported. Plausible from infrastructure or movement data only. Do not read as fact.
  • UnknownNo defensible public evidence establishes this. We are not guessing, and this is not a measurement of zero.