Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2026, Latvia's road diesel supply was 82 kt, all of it imported, mainly from Lithuania (86%) and Finland (13%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Norway (42%), Saudi Arabia (29%) and the United States (17%), and 2% cannot be traced.
Country
Norway34 kt (est. 42%)Saudi Arabia24 kt (est. 29%)United States14 kt (est. 17%)United Kingdom5.6 kt (est. 7%)Denmark1.0 kt (est. 1%)Senegal0.6 kt (est. <1%)Canada0.4 kt (est. <1%)Other crude origins0.1 kt (est. <1%)Lithuania: crude not from imports1.5 kt (2%)Smaller flows: no refinery0.3 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Lithuania71 kt (86%)Finland10 kt (13%)Estonia0.3 kt (<1%)Poland0.2 kt (<1%)Croatia0.1 kt (<1%)Greeceless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Bulgarialess than 0.1 kt (<1%)Latvia: road diesel supply82 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Norway34 kt (est. 42%)
- Saudi Arabia24 kt (est. 29%)
- United States14 kt (est. 17%)
- United Kingdom5.6 kt (est. 7%)
- Denmark1.0 kt (est. 1%)
- Senegal0.6 kt (est. <1%)
- Canada0.4 kt (est. <1%)
- Other crude origins0.1 kt (est. <1%)
- Lithuania: crude not from imports1.5 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: no refinery0.3 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from importsless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Where the fuel was refined
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Dashed: estimated from published euro value
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lithuania | Latvia: road diesel supply | 70,633 | 86.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia: road diesel supply | 10,354 | 12.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Estonia | Latvia: road diesel supply | 331 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Poland | Latvia: road diesel supply | 175 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Croatia | Latvia: road diesel supply | 103 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | Lithuania | 27,154 | 38.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's road diesel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Lithuania | 23,649 | 33.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's road diesel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Lithuania | 12,789 | 18.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's road diesel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Finland | 7,011 | 67.7% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Latvia split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| United Kingdom | Lithuania | 5,555 | 7.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Lithuania's road diesel to Latvia split by Lithuania's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Lithuania: crude not from imports | Lithuania | 1,485 | 2.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United States | Finland | 1,355 | 13.1% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Latvia split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Denmark | Finland | 1,019 | 9.8% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Latvia split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Senegal | Finland | 609 | 5.9% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Latvia split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Canada | Finland | 360 | 3.5% | EstimatedPartly estimated from published euro value. Estimate: Finland's road diesel to Latvia split by Finland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Finland did not publish its crude imports for part of that window; those months use crude imports estimated from the euro values it did publish (customs basis). |
| Smaller flows: no refinery | Estonia | 331 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Other crude origins | Croatia | 84 | 81.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Croatia's road diesel to Latvia split by Croatia's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Poland | 75 | 43.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Latvia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Poland | 75 | 43.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Latvia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Bulgaria | 24 | 96.7% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Other crude origins | Greece | 23 | 64.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Latvia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Croatia | 19 | 18.6% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Poland | 8 | 4.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| United States | Poland | 8 | 4.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Latvia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Poland | 8 | 4.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Poland's road diesel to Latvia split by Poland's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Greece | 5 | 14.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Latvia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Greece | 5 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Latvia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 2 | 5.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Greece's road diesel to Latvia split by Greece's crude-import mix over 2026-04 to 2026-06. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Bulgaria | 1 | 3.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Greece | 1 | 2.1% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-06 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the countries whose refineries made it. Right: Latvia’s supply of road diesel in 2026-06, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Dashed crude links rest partly on crude imports estimated from published euro values: a supplier did not publish its crude imports for some months of the window (docs/METHODOLOGY.md section 6.1). Customs basis, INFERRED. Method
Month: 2026-06 (latest month all EU member states reported). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-04 to 2026-06.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Lithuania: crude not from imports (1,485 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: no refinery (331 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (29 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (24 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.