Fuel Origin

Italy

Road diesel, June 2026 — crude behind it: 20% Libya · 15% Kazakhstan · 11% United States · 15% cannot be traced. 1–22% of that crude may have passed through the Strait of Hormuz.

Estimated
Source & method
Source
  • Eurostat (European Commission) — Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly data
  • EIA, IEA and terminal operators (cited per row) — Fuel Origin Hormuz route classification and country bounds, methodology v1.0
Every source, with links and licences
Period
June 2026
Method
How this figure is made
  1. 1

    Italy: road diesel available in June 2026

    Everything refined in the country plus everything imported.

  2. 2

    Where that fuel came from

    • Also:
    • Refined in Italy 85%
    • Saudi Arabia 10%
    • Other suppliers (9) 5%

    Italy's refineries ran on (going by its crude imports, April–June 2026)

    Saudi Arabia: crude origin not published.

    Egypt: crude origin not published.

  3. 3

    The crude behind Italy's road diesel

Assumptions
  • Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
  • Each country's refineries are assumed to run on its crude-import mix over the latest three months.
  • The chain looks back one country only; fuel re-exported through a supplier is not followed further.
  • The crude origin is the producing country the statistics report, not the loading terminal, so the Hormuz answer is a range wherever a producer loads both inside and outside the Persian Gulf.

In June 2026, most road diesel available in Italy was refined in Italy (85%), followed by Saudi Arabia (10%).

Italy's refineries ran on crude from Libya (24%), Kazakhstan (17%) and Azerbaijan (13%), going by its crude imports in April–June 2026.

Taken together, an estimated 20% of the crude behind Italy's road diesel came from Libya, 15% from Kazakhstan and 11% from the United States; 15% cannot be traced.

The largest untraced part (10%) is there because we hold no crude import statistics for Saudi Arabia.

Between 1% and 22% of the crude behind Italy's road diesel is estimated to have passed through the Strait of Hormuz, a moderate dependence judged on the upper bound. No midpoint is published: crude that cannot be traced is counted as anything from none to all of it.

This is an estimate, not a reported figure: it assumes exports are drawn proportionally from every source and that each country's refineries run on its crude-import mix, and it looks back only one country.

Pump prices and tax for Italy → latest weekly price €2.28 per litre (diesel, week of 21 Sep 2026)

See Italy in the flow diagram →Imports since 2015 →Compare Italy with other countries →Ports, pipelines and refineries →

Crude origins

Calculated

10 refineries · 68.7 Mt/a where comparable.

In June 2026, 14 countries supplied crude imports; the largest three accounted for 58%.

Share of crude imports by origin, to June 2026

3-month average of monthly shares; blank months were not published
Feb 2025Jun 20260%25%50%75%100%Libya 24.2%Azerbaijan 12.8%Kazakhstan 17.8%United States 12.5%Other origins 24.3%
  • Libya
  • Azerbaijan
  • Kazakhstan
  • United States
  • Iraq
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Other origins
  • Origin not published

Share of crude imports, June 2026

0%50%100%LibyaKazakhstanUnited StatesAzerbaijanSaudi ArabiaBrazilOther origins24.3%20.0%13.8%11.7%7.6%5.6%17.1%

Since January 2023: Iraq −15.4 pt, Libya +9.9 pt.

Share of crude imports, June 2026: all origins
Country of originShareTonnes
Libya24%1,182,200
Kazakhstan20%974,227
United States14%670,684
Azerbaijan12%569,095
Saudi Arabia8%367,894
Brazil6%271,344
Other origins17%
All 10 refineries
Source & method
Source
  • Eurostat (European Commission) — Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly data
  • Refinery operators and national regulators (cited per row) — Fuel Origin curated refinery reference list
Every source, with links and licences
Period
June 2026
Method
How this figure is made
Download
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Product origins

Calculated

Road diesel imports, June 2026: Saudi Arabia 66%, Egypt 12%, Greece 9%, Israel 8%, Netherlands 3%, France 1%, other origins 0.3%.

Share of road diesel imports by origin, to June 2026

3-month average of monthly shares; blank months were not published
Jan 2026Jun 20260%25%50%75%100%Saudi Arabia 62.2%Egypt 15.2%
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Egypt
  • India
  • Kuwait
  • Netherlands
  • Greece
  • Other origins
  • Origin not published

Share of road diesel imports, June 2026

0%50%100%Saudi ArabiaEgyptGreeceIsraelNetherlandsFranceOther origins66.4%11.9%9.3%7.6%3.2%1.4%0.3%
Share of road diesel imports, June 2026: all origins
Country of originShareTonnes
Saudi Arabia66%234,892
Egypt12%41,993
Greece9%32,947
Israel8%26,934
Netherlands3%11,316
France1%4,892
Other origins0.3%
Source & method
Source
  • Eurostat (European Commission) — Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly data
Every source, with links and licences
Period
June 2026
Method
How this figure is made
Download
Download CSV

Stocks & days of cover

Official

90 days of emergency stock cover in June 2026.

Closing stocks: 17,170,285 tonnes, +1.4% against the 12-month average.

Closing stocks, to June 2026

Jan 2025Jun 202615M16M17M18M19M
  • Closing stocks
  • 12-month average

Days of cover, to June 2026

Jan 2025Jun 20267580859095
Source & method
Source
  • Eurostat (European Commission) — Emergency oil stocks in days equivalent - monthly data
  • Eurostat (European Commission) — Stock levels for oil products - monthly data
Every source, with links and licences
Period
June 2026
Method
How this figure is made
Download
Download CSV

Which method the member state used

  • Stock calculation method: method 1
  • Minimum obligation method: method 1
  • Days calculation method: method 2

Recent events

Official

All events →

Source & method
Source
  • International Energy Agency — Event timeline, cited per event
  • US Energy Information Administration — Event timeline, cited per event
  • European Commission — Event timeline, cited per event
  • European Council — Event timeline, cited per event
  • National legislators — Event timeline, cited per event
Every source, with links and licences
Method
How this figure is made